根据 vs 据 (based on vs formal shorthand)
IntroducedCompact reporting can still take an object
- A report introduces a conclusion based on a survey.
- according to据the survey调查，majority多数person人to be in favor of支持this这个plan计划。 — according to据 names the source in compact written style.
Locate the pattern in real examples
- based on根据 vs according to据 (based on vs formal shorthand): everyone大家(modifier / structural particle)的idea意见，we / us我们to amend修改(completed / change)了plan计划。; this kind of这种way of speaking说法not have / haven't没有science科学。
- Read the whole clause before choosing a translation. The examples show the pattern in use; the context below determines what the speaker claims.
A report introduces a conclusion based on a survey. What does 据调查，多数人支持这个计划。 communicate?
据 names the source in compact written style. 据 is not limited to set phrases: 据调查 and 据最新统计 take objects. 根据 also forms the noun for a basis, as in 这种说法没有根据; 据 alone does not replace it there.
Follow the speaker
based on根据the survey调查，everyone大家all都agrees同意。
- In the opening situation: according to据the survey调查，majority多数person人to be in favor of支持this这个plan计划。
- according to据 names the source in compact written style.
Using the pattern named in this lesson: According to the survey, everyone agrees: ____ 调查，大家都同意。
Both 根据调查 and 据调查 identify the survey as the source. 据 is compact written style.
Check the limit of the explanation
- according to据 is not limited to set phrases: according to据the survey调查 and according to据latest最新statistics统计 take objects.
- based on根据 also forms the noun for a basis, as in this kind of这种way of speaking说法not have / haven't没有based on根据; according to据 alone does not replace it there.
据 cannot be followed by a full evidence-source noun phrase.
据 is not limited to set phrases: 据调查 and 据最新统计 take objects. 根据 also forms the noun for a basis, as in 这种说法没有根据; 据 alone does not replace it there. 据 names the source in compact written style.
Repair the form before interpreting it
- The form this kind of这种way of speaking说法not have / haven't没有science科学according to据 needs repair here. Write this kind of这种way of speaking说法not have / haven't没有science科学based on根据 instead; keep the word or frame in its demonstrated order.
- Form and meaning are separate checks. After the repair, explain the sentence in its situation rather than treating a familiar translation as a universal rule.
Rewrite the demonstrated repair exactly: 这种说法没有科学据
The demonstrated form is 这种说法没有科学根据. 据 names the source in compact written style.
Keep the distinction
- according to据 names the source in compact written style. Check the relevant speaker, time or group in the surrounding context.
- according to据 is not limited to set phrases: according to据the survey调查 and according to据latest最新statistics统计 take objects. based on根据 also forms the noun for a basis, as in this kind of这种way of speaking说法not have / haven't没有based on根据; according to据 alone does not replace it there.
Read the full reference: HSK 6 grammar — Comparing similar adverbs.
Which appears in set phrases like 据说 / 据报道?
据 forms 据说 and 据报道, and also takes objects such as 据最新统计. It is not restricted to fixed phrases.
据 is more compact / written than 根据.
Yes — 据说, 据了解 (set phrases).
A report introduces a conclusion based on a survey. Close the examples. Say a Mandarin response, then write it in Chinese. Explain briefly in English what the lesson’s pattern adds. Compare with the model, then change one detail and try again.
This is supported productive practice. Compare meaning and structure; your answer need not copy the model. A partner or teacher must hear the spoken response to comment on pronunciation.