| English | 의미 |
|---|---|
| Sensation/senˈseɪʃn/ | 감각 |
| transduction/trænsˈdʌkʃn/ | 변환 |
| threshold/ˈθreʃəʊld/ | 임계값 |
| just-noticeable difference/dʒʌst ˈnəʊtɪsəbl ˈdɪfrəns/ | 최소 가감차 |
| Weber's law/ˈwebəz lɔː/ | 베버의 법칙 |
| Sensory adaptation/ˈsensəri ˌædæpˈteɪʃn/ | 감각 적응 |
| retina/ˈretɪnə/ | 망막 |
| visual accommodation/ˈvɪʒuːəl əˌkɒməˈdeɪʃn/ | 시각 조절 |
| Rods/rɒdz/ | 간상체 |
| cones/kəʊnz/ | 원추체 |
| trichromatic theory/ˌtrɪkrəʊˈmætɪk ˈθɪəri/ | 삼색설 |
| opponent-process theory/əˈpəʊnənt ˈprəʊses ˈθɪəri/ | 대립과정설 |
| pitch/pɪtʃ/ | 음고 |
| loudness/ˈlaʊdnəs/ | 음량 |
| Olfaction/ɒlˈfækʃn/ | 후각 |
| gustation/ɡʌˈsteɪʃn/ | 미각 |
| Gate control theory/ɡeɪt kənˈtrəʊl ˈθɪəri/ | 게이트 제어 이론 |
| vestibular sense/veˈstɪbjʊlə sens/ | 전정 감각 |
| kinesthesis/ˈkaɪnsθəsɪs/ | 운동 감각 |
You stop noticing the clock after a minute
- A sound that was obvious becomes unnoticeable while it is still there.
- Your senses are not recording devices — they report change.
- This lesson is about how the body turns physical energy into a signal, and what it discards.
Sensation and transduction
- Sensation 感觉 is detecting information from the environment that meets a certain threshold 阈限, and turning it into a neural signal.
- That conversion is transduction 换能.
- Below threshold, the stimulus is present but produces no signal at all.
물리적 자극을 신경 신호로 변환하는 것을 ____라고 합니다.
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**전도(transduction)**는 이 변환 단계입니다. 임계점(threshold) 이하에서는 신호가 전혀 생성되지 않습니다.
Detecting change, and stopping
- The just-noticeable difference 最小可觉差 is the smallest change you can detect.
- Weber's law 韦伯定律 says that difference is a proportion of the original, not a fixed amount.
- Sensory adaptation 感觉适应 is the diminished response to an unchanging stimulus — the clock you stop hearing.
베버 법칙에 따르면 최소 감별 차이(just-noticeable difference)는...
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스푯 한 개분의 설탕은 컵에서는 감지되지만 주전자에서는 감지되지 않습니다 — 비율이 중요합니다.
Sensory adaptation is not the same as habituation. Adaptation happens in the sense organ itself — the receptors stop responding. Habituation is a learned drop in response that happens in the brain. The exam distinguishes them.
어떤 감각 계통인가?
각 구조 또는 용어를所属하는 감각으로 분류하십시오.
CED는 색각이 삼색론(trichromatic theory)만으로 설명된다고 말합니다.
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색각은 삼색론과 상보 과정 이론(opponent-process theories) 모두로 설명됩니다.
Vision, in the terms the exam uses
- The retina 视网膜 is the photosensitive surface at the back of the eye; the lens focuses light onto it by visual accommodation 视觉调节.
- Rods 视杆细胞 in the periphery detect shape and movement but not colour; cones 视锥细胞 detect colour and detail.
- Colour vision is explained by both the trichromatic theory 三色理论 and the opponent-process theory 对立过程理论.
시각이나 청각이 아닌 **신체 감각(body senses)**에 속하는 모든 것을 선택하십시오.
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망막은 시각 시스템의 일부이며, 나머지 세 가지는 신체 감각입니다.
각 용어를所属하는 감각과 연결하십시오.
난이도 2/5 · 140 코인 + 오늘 첫 완료 시 소액 보너스
간상체와 원추체는 빛을 코딩하고, 위치 이론은 음높이를 코딩하며, 후각은 시상구를 우회합니다.
Hearing, chemistry, touch and balance
- Sound is air movement: wavelength gives pitch 音高 and amplitude gives loudness 响度. Pitch perception is explained by place, volley and frequency theories.
- Olfaction 嗅觉 is the only sense not routed through the thalamus; gustation 味觉 has sweet, sour, salty, bitter, umami and oleogustus.
- Gate control theory 闸门控制理论 describes pain being processed in body and brain together.
- The vestibular sense 前庭觉 gives balance; kinesthesis 动觉 gives the sense of your own body's movement.
Add one spoon of sugar to a cup of tea and you taste the difference. Add one spoon to a large jug and you do not. The amount added is identical — what changed is the proportion, which is exactly what Weber's law predicts.
Sensation detects stimuli above threshold and transduces them into neural signals. The just-noticeable difference follows Weber's law as a proportion, and sensory adaptation removes unchanging stimuli. Vision uses rods and cones with two colour theories; hearing codes pitch and loudness; and vestibular and kinesthetic senses track balance and body movement.