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HSK 6 Grammar

Prepositions

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    Original teaching practice. Read one pattern, cover its model and try the questions before checking the separate answer section. Examples adapted from Chinese Grammar Wiki (AllSet Learning, CC BY-NC-SA) retain the course-reference provenance.

    in view of鉴于jiàn yú (in light of / given)

    Given the storm warning

    • The city government announces closures as a typhoon approaches.
    • in view of鉴于jiàn yútyphoon台风tái fēngon the eve of即将jí jiāngto arrive到来dào lái，whole city全市quán shìschool学校xué xiàotomorrow明天míng tiānto stop classes停课tíng kè。 — "In view of the approaching typhoon, all schools in the city will close tomorrow."

    in view of鉴于jiàn yú + situation，decision

    • in view of鉴于jiàn yú = "in view of, given, considering": it states the situation behind a decision.
    • It opens the sentence; the second clause states what will be done.

    in view of鉴于jiàn yúthe weather天气tiān qìreasons原因yuán yīn，the match比赛bǐ sàiis postponed推迟tuī chí。

    鉴于: in view of (formal)

    Official decisions

    • in view of鉴于jiàn yúhe / him他tā(modifier / structural particle)的deto show表现biǎo xiàn，company公司gōng sīto decide (to do something)决定jué dìngto / for / give给gěihe / him他tāto get promoted (at work…升职shēng zhí。 — "In view of his performance, the company decided to promote him."
    • Common in notices, reports and formal letters.

    in view of鉴于jiàn yúhis他tā的deperformance表现biǎo xiàn，the company公司gōng sīdecided决定jué dìngto给gěihim他tāpromote升职shēng zhí。

    Formal and forward-looking

    • in view of鉴于jiàn yú introduces the basis for a decision or measure; it is not for casual causes (use because因为yīn wèi).
    • A in view of鉴于jiàn yú phrase often comes first to state the basis. Its position can vary; check that the main decision remains a complete clause.

    in view of鉴于jiàn yú versus due to由于yóu yú and because因为yīn wèi

    • due to由于yóu yú / because因为yīn wèi explain why something happened: due to由于yóu yúto rain下雨xià yǔ，competition (sports etc)比赛bǐ sàito cancel取消qǔ xiāo(completed / change)了le.
    • in view of鉴于jiàn yú explains why a decision is being made: in view of鉴于jiàn yúweather天气tiān qì，we / us我们wǒ mento decide (to do something)决定jué dìngto postpone推迟tuī chí.

    due to由于yóu yúrain下雨xià yǔ，the match比赛bǐ sàiwas cancelled取消qǔ xiāo了le。

    Recap

    • in view of鉴于jiàn yú + situation，decision = in view of / given … (formal, official).
    • due to由于yóu yú / because因为yīn wèi explain causes of events; in view of鉴于jiàn yú justifies decisions.

    Practise this pattern step by step.

    Practice without the models

    in view of鉴于jiàn yú (in light of / given)

    0601.1 Complete (notice): “In view of the weather, the match is postponed.” …………weather天气tiān qìcause原因yuán yīn，competition (sports etc)比赛bǐ sàito postpone推迟tuī chí。

    0601.2 Which suits a casual explanation to a friend?

    • A. I / me我wǒto be hungry饿è(completed / change)了lein view of鉴于jiàn yú。
    • B. because因为yīn wèiI / me我wǒto be hungry饿è(completed / change)了le，we / us我们wǒ mento go去qùto have a meal吃饭chī fàn(suggestion)吧ba。
    • C. in view of鉴于jiàn yúto be hungry饿è，to have a meal吃饭chī fàn。
    • D. in view of鉴于jiàn yúI / me我wǒto be hungry饿è(completed / change)了le，we / us我们wǒ mento go去qùto have a meal吃饭chī fàn(suggestion)吧ba。

    0601.3 Build: “In view of his performance, the company promoted him.”

    Arrange all chunks: in view of鉴于jiàn yúhe / him他tā(modifier / structural particle)的deto show表现biǎo xiàn / company公司gōng sīto decide (to do something)决定jué dìng / to / for / give给gěihe / him他tāto get promoted (at work…升职shēng zhí。 / ，

    0601.4 in view of鉴于jiàn yú typically justifies a decision.

    True or false? Explain or repair the statement.

    0601.5 The city government announces closures as a typhoon approaches. Close the examples. Say a Mandarin response, then write it in Chinese. Explain briefly in English what the lesson’s pattern adds. Compare with the model, then change one detail and try again.

    Write or say your own response before reading the key.

    Answers and explanations

    in view of鉴于jiàn yú (in light of / given)

    0601.1 in view of鉴于jiàn yú

    in view of鉴于jiàn yú + situation, decision.

    0601.2 B. because因为yīn wèiI / me我wǒto be hungry饿è(completed / change)了le，we / us我们wǒ mento go去qùto have a meal吃饭chī fàn(suggestion)吧ba。

    in view of鉴于jiàn yú (“in view of”) is formal and used in official writing. When explaining something casually to a friend, because因为yīn wèi is the natural choice.

    0601.3 in view of鉴于jiàn yúhe / him他tā(modifier / structural particle)的deto show表现biǎo xiàn，company公司gōng sīto decide (to do something)决定jué dìngto / for / give给gěihe / him他tāto get promoted (at work…升职shēng zhí。

    in view of鉴于jiàn yú + basis, then the decision.

    0601.4 True.

    It states the basis for what will be done.

    0601.5 One possible response: in view of鉴于jiàn yútyphoon台风tái fēngon the eve of即将jí jiāngto arrive到来dào lái，whole city全市quán shìschool学校xué xiàotomorrow明天míng tiānto stop classes停课tíng kè。

    Check meaning and form:

    • My response conveys a message that fits the opening situation.
    • I can explain the meaning of the pattern, rather than only naming it.
    • in view of鉴于jiàn yú introduces the basis for a decision or measure; it is not for casual causes (use because因为yīn wèi).
    • A in view of鉴于jiàn yú phrase often comes first to state the basis. Its position can vary; check that the main decision remains a complete clause.
    • I tried a second response with a name, time, place, or description changed.

    This is supported productive practice. Compare meaning and structure; your answer need not copy the model. A partner or teacher must hear the spoken response to comment on pronunciation.

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