Building a paragraph · 写好一个段落
| English | 中文 | Pinyin · 拼音 |
|---|---|---|
| supporting sentences/səˈpɔːtɪŋ ˈsentənsɪz/ | 支撑句 | zhī chēng jù |
| concluding sentence/kənˈkluːdɪŋ ˈsentəns/ | 结尾句 | jié wěi jù |
| cohesion/kəʊˈhiːʒn/ | 衔接 | xián jiē |
| unity/ˈjuːnɪti/ | 统一性 | tǒng yī xìng |
Meeting and departure are different actions
- The fictional visit brief asks students to meet at 08:10 before the coach’s scheduled 08:20 departure. Keep both times and their roles when writing to a classmate.
- If heavy rain closes the boardwalk, an indoor workshop replaces that activity. The condition does not state that the whole visit is cancelled.
集合与出发是不同的动作
- 虚构参观简报要求学生于 08:10 集合，位于巴士计划 08:20 出发之前。撰写给同学的邮件时请保留这两个时间及其对应角色。
- 如果大雨导致木板路关闭，室内工作坊将替代该活动。该条件并未说明整个访问会被取消。
Adapt to the reader’s purpose
- A practical message highlights actions, timing and things to bring. An academic comparison explains relevant differences and identifies missing evidence.
- A change of audience can change style and order. It cannot turn scheduled times into guarantees or remove the teacher’s permission requirement for separate travel.
适应读者的目的
- 实用信息强调行动、时间和携带物品。学术对比则解释相关差异并指出缺失的证据。
- 受众的改变会改变风格和顺序，但不能将预定时间变为保证，也不能免除单独出行所需的教师许可要求。
For this fictional travel-message exercise, put these action reminders in the supplied chronological order. · 针对此虚构旅行信息练习，请按提供的 chronological order（时间顺序）排列这些行动提醒。
The advance access request comes before the Saturday meeting, departure and scheduled return. These times are local fictional instructions, not guaranteed travel outcomes. · 提前访问请求在周六会面、出发及预定返程之前进行。这些时间是虚构指令中的本地时间，不代表确切的出行结果。
Give a paragraph a clear focus
- Supporting sentences 支撑句 develop a main point with relevant explanation or examples. A concluding sentence 结尾句 may connect the evidence to that point or lead to the next paragraph.
- These functions need not always occur in a fixed three-part order. One paragraph can compare related ideas while maintaining a clear overall focus.
赋予段落明确的重点
- 支撑句 通过相关解释或例子展开主要观点。结尾句 可将证据与该观点联系起来，或引出下一段内容。
- 这些功能不必总是按固定的三部分顺序出现。一个段落可以在保持整体重点清晰的同时比较相关观点。
Write a topic sentence for a paragraph about how your school timetable affects study. · 为一段"学校课表如何影响学习"的段落写一句主题句。
Example: “The afternoon gap gives me a regular time to review lesson notes.” This is a focused personal claim that could be supported by relevant examples, rather than a universal learning result. · 示例：“下午的空档让我有固定时间复习笔记。”这是一个有聚焦的个人主张，可由相关例子支持，而非普遍的学习结果。
Keep cohesion and unity
- Cohesion 衔接 makes connections clear through references, key words and links. Unity 统一性 means the sentences serve the paragraph’s focus rather than wander to unrelated material.
- Supporting sentences often reveal the focus even if the topic sentence is removed. That alone does not show the topic sentence is useless or the paragraph is poorly built.
保持连贯性和统一性
- 衔接 通过指代、关键词和连接词使联系清晰明了。统一性 意味着所有句子都服务于段落重点，而非偏离到无关材料上。
- 即使去掉主题句，支撑句往往也能揭示段落重点。但这并不能说明主题句无用或段落结构不佳。
A paragraph about metro improvements contains a sentence about the city's food markets. What should you do? · 一段讲地铁改善的段落里出现了一句关于城市菜市场的话,应该怎么办?
The sentence should serve the paragraph’s actual focus. An unrelated food-market detail needs a different paragraph or removal; a connector alone cannot establish relevance. · 该句子应服务于段落的实际重点。一个无关的市场细节需要不同的段落或删除；仅靠连接词无法确立相关性。
Being able to infer a paragraph’s focus after deleting its topic sentence proves that the paragraph is poorly built. · 删除主题句后仍能推断出段落重点，证明该段落结构不佳。
Supporting details often reveal the focus too. This observation alone does not establish whether the topic sentence is useful or the paragraph is well built. · 支撑细节往往也能揭示重点。单凭这一观察无法确定主题句是否有用或段落是否构建良好。
Check the strength of the claim
- No fare or emissions data are supplied, so “the coach is always cheapest and greenest” goes beyond the brief. A supported comparison can discuss travelling together and permitted individual arrangements.
- An academic paragraph can appropriately begin with a source or statistic when that serves its purpose. Explain relevance and credit real evidence; do not invent a source to make an example look authoritative.
Adapt the style to the purpose while retaining timing, permission and uncertainty.
检查论断的强度
- 由于未提供票价或排放数据，“大巴始终最便宜且最环保”的说法超出了任务范围。有依据的对比可以讨论集体出行和允许的个别安排。
- 当服务于特定目的时，学术段落可以恰当地以来源或统计数据开头。应解释相关性并为真实证据署名；不要为了增加示例的权威性而虚构来源。
根据目的调整风格，同时保留时间、许可和不确定性信息。
Which opening states a clear comparison point supported by the fictional trip brief? · 哪个开头陈述了由虚构行程简报支持的明确比较点？
The brief supports group coordination and a permission-based alternative. It supplies no price ranking or automatic cancellation. · 简报支持团队协调和基于许可的替代方案。它不提供价格排名或自动取消机制。