Listening you can actually do · 真正做得到的听力
| English | 中文 | Pinyin · 拼音 |
|---|---|---|
| selection/sɪˈlekʃn/ | 取舍 | qǔ shě |
| listening for gist/ˈlɪsənɪŋ fɔː dʒɪst/ | 泛听 | fàn tīng |
| predicting/prɪˈdɪktɪŋ/ | 预测 | yù cè |
| context clues/ˈkɒntekst kluːz/ | 上下文线索 | shàng xià wén xiàn suǒ |
Choose what the question needs
- Selection 取舍 means choosing important information, not deciding to ignore meaning. A question about the main message needs a different focus from a question about a bus time.
- You may miss words during continuous speech. Mark uncertainty and keep following the message; if the missing detail is essential, check it when a pause or replay is available.
根据问题需求进行选择
- 取舍意味着选取重要信息，而非有意忽略意义。关于主要信息的提问与关于公交车时间的提问需要不同的侧重点。
- 连续讲话中可能会漏听单词。标记不确定性并继续跟随信息流；如果缺失的细节至关重要，请在暂停或回放时进行核实。
Gist is more than a topic label
- Listening for gist 泛听 asks what the message mainly says. “A museum visit” is a topic; “the visit continues but the entrance changes” is a useful gist.
- Listening for detail asks for a particular fact. Decide which task you have before making notes, and return to the surrounding sentence to check a number’s role.
主旨不仅是话题标签
- 泛听询问信息的主要内容。“参观博物馆”是一个话题；“参观继续进行但入口改变”才是有用的主旨。
- 精听要求获取特定事实。在做笔记前先确定任务类型，并回到上下文句子中核实数字的作用。
You have one listening and a question asking what the talk is mainly about. Which technique fits? · 只听一遍,题目问这段主要讲什么。应该用哪种技巧?
A main-message question calls for gist: what the talk mainly says. Detail listening has a different target, such as one departure time. · 主旨题考察对讲话核心内容的把握；细节听力则有不同目标，例如捕捉某次出发的具体时间。
Predict a possibility, not an answer
- Predicting 预测 uses the title or situation to prepare likely vocabulary. Airport delays may involve a gate, departure time or announcement; prediction is preparation rather than proof.
- Check every predicted answer against what you hear. A title saying “Changes to the visit” does not establish that the entire trip is cancelled.
预测可能性而非答案
- 预测利用标题或情境准备可能的词汇。航班延误可能涉及登机口、起飞时间或广播通知；预测是一种准备，而非确凿证据。
- 对照听到的内容核实每一个预测答案。标题写着“参观变更”并不等同于整个行程被取消。
Put these in the order that gets the most out of one listening. · 把这些步骤排成"一遍听力收获最大"的顺序。
Read the task and prepare a focus before playback, follow the message while recording relevant details, then use the permitted follow-up to check gaps. Prediction does not establish an answer. · 播放前阅读任务并设定关注点，边听边记录相关细节，再利用允许的跟进环节查漏补缺。预测不能直接得出答案。
A talk is announced as being about airport delays. Which words are worth loading in advance? Choose all that apply. · 一场讲座的主题是机场延误。哪些词值得提前准备?选出所有正确项。
Prepare likely vocabulary related to airport delays. Then verify the actual message; a likely topic word is not a confirmed answer. · 提前准备与航班延误相关的常用词汇。随后核实实际信息；看似合理的主题词未必就是正确答案。
Use surrounding evidence
- Context clues 上下文线索 include explanations, contrasts and consequences. In “The train was cancelled, so we took the bus instead”, the alternative transport supports “the train did not run”.
- A clue can narrow a meaning without explaining every unfamiliar word. If more than one interpretation remains possible, keep the uncertainty and seek another clue or clarification.
利用周围证据
- 上下文线索包括解释、对比和后果。例如在“火车取消了，所以我们改乘公共汽车”中，替代交通工具支持了“火车未运行”的含义。
- 线索可以缩小含义范围而不必解释所有生词。如果仍有多种解读可能，请保留不确定性并寻找其他线索或澄清。
Recover without losing the next point
- Use a short question mark in your notes for a missed word and continue. A later explanation may help, but it is not guaranteed to repeat the missing information.
- Avoid turning each spoken sentence into a long translation while new speech continues. After the talk, use the permitted transcript, replay or speaker check to repair important gaps.
在不丢失后续要点的情况下补救
- 在笔记中对漏听的单词使用短问号并继续记录。后续的补充说明可能会有所帮助，但不保证会重复缺失的信息。
- 避免在新讲话持续时把每句口语都翻译成冗长的译文。讲座结束后，可利用允许的逐字稿、回放或向说话者核实来弥补重要遗漏。
"The train was cancelled, so we took the bus instead and arrived two hours late." What does cancelled mean here? · "The train was cancelled, so we took the bus instead and arrived two hours late." 这里的 cancelled 是什么意思?
The bus was used instead of the train, which supports the meaning that the train did not run. Use the stated consequence rather than inventing another definition. · 文中提到乘公交车代替火车，这支持了“火车未运行”的含义。应依据文中提到的后果作答，而非自行编造其他定义。
You should stop following a continuous talk whenever you miss a word, until you have translated that word. · 每当漏掉一个词，就应立即停止跟随连续讲话，直到翻译完该词为止。
Stopping on each unknown word can lose later information. Mark the uncertainty, continue following the message and check important gaps at an appropriate pause or permitted replay. · 因每个生词而频繁停顿会丢失后续信息。应标记不确定性，继续跟随整体信息，并在适当停顿或允许复听时核查重要空白点。
Write one English sentence saying what you will do next time you miss a word while listening. · 用一句英语写出:下次听力中漏掉一个词时,你会怎么做。
Example: “I will mark the gap and keep following the message, then check an important missing detail afterwards.” A later sentence may help, but it need not repeat the lost word. · 示例：“我会标记这个空白，继续跟随信息，之后核查一个重要的遗漏细节。”后续句子可能有所帮助，但不必重复那个丢失的词。
Prepare a focus, then verify predictions against the message. Context can help, but missing information may still require a later check.
先确立关注点，再对照信息验证预测。上下文虽有辅助作用，但缺失信息仍可能需要后续核实。
Title: “Changes to Saturday’s visit”. Message: “The visit is still going ahead, but use the hill entrance.” A cancellation prediction is contradicted by the message.
标题：“周六参观的变更”。信息：“参观照常举行，但请使用山丘入口。”对行程取消的预测与上述信息相矛盾。