Reading: details, structure and integration · 阅读：细节、结构和整合
| English | 中文 | Pinyin · 拼音 |
|---|---|---|
| viewpoint/ˈvjuːpɔɪnt/ | 观点 | guān diǎn |
| tone/təʊn/ | 语气 | yǔ qì |
A decision before an answer
- A narrator says a train was “finally” on time. That word reveals an expectation, not just a timetable fact.
- Your goal: Find key ideas, details and warranted inferences.
答案前的判断
- 叙述者称火车“终于”准点。这个词揭示了预期，而不仅仅是时刻表事实。
- 目标：找出关键思想、细节及有依据的推论。
Read the relationship
- Map a longer passage by paragraph roles: setting, claim, evidence, objection or resolution.
- Analyse author craft, viewpoint and structure.
阅读关系
- 按段落功能绘制长文结构图：背景、主张、证据、反驳或结论。
- 分析作者的写作手法、观点及文章结构。
“Finally, the train arrived on time” implies:
Finally suggests prior frustration or waiting.
Use the defining rule
- Locate an answer’s evidence before selecting it. An inference must be supported even if no sentence states it directly.
- Compare passages and integrate textual or visual evidence.
运用定义规则
- 选定答案前先定位其证据。即使没有句子直接陈述，推论也必须得到支持。
- 比较不同篇章并整合文本或视觉证据。
Two authors favour libraries for different reasons. They:
Distinguish their conclusion from their supporting reasons.
Check the conditions
- Separate a character’s belief from the narrator’s view. Tone emerges from wording and context.
- Compare passages and integrate textual or visual evidence.
Passage A values a museum because it protects objects. Passage B values it because it invites debate. Both can favour museums while offering different reasons. An answer claiming that B opposes all preservation would go beyond the evidence.
检查条件
- 区分人物的信念与叙述者的观点。语调通过措辞和语境体现。
- 比较不同篇章并整合文本或视觉证据。
文章A重视博物馆是因为它保护文物。文章B重视它是因为它引发讨论。两者都支持博物馆，但理由不同。若答案声称B反对一切保存工作，则超出了证据范围。
An author’s attitude conveyed by wording is ____.
Tone must be supported by specific language.
Apply the task format
- In paired passages, compare the authors on the question’s shared issue. For a graphic, verify that the visual supports the precise claim.
- Compare passages and integrate textual or visual evidence.
Do not choose an answer merely because it repeats a passage word. The relationship between ideas must also fit.
应用题目格式
- 在成对文章中，比较作者就问题共同议题的观点。对于图表，需验证视觉内容是否支持确切论断。
- 比较不同篇章并整合文本或视觉证据。
不要仅因答案重复了文章中的某个词就选择它。思想之间的逻辑关系也必须相符。
Which answer fits this case? · 哪个答案符合此案例？
Find key ideas, details and warranted inferences · 找出关键信息、细节及有依据的推论
A character’s statement always gives the author’s own opinion.
A text may portray a belief without endorsing it.
Keep the distinctions
- viewpoint 观点 — The position from which something is described.
- tone 语气 — An attitude conveyed by wording.
- Find key ideas, details and warranted inferences.
- Analyse author craft, viewpoint and structure.
- Compare passages and integrate textual or visual evidence.
保持区别
- 观点 — 描述某事时所持的立场或角度。
- 语气 — 通过措辞传达出的态度。
- 找出关键信息、细节及合理的推论。
- 分析作者的写作手法、观点及文章结构。
- 比较不同篇章并整合文本或视觉证据。
Match each term with its precise meaning in this lesson.
Keep the distinctions stated in the teaching example.
Put this lesson’s reasoning or event sequence in order.
The order follows the stated process; check each stage before the next.