Original teaching practice. Read one pattern, cover its model and try the questions before checking the separate answer section. Examples adapted from Chinese Grammar Wiki (AllSet Learning, CC BY-NC-SA) retain the course-reference provenance.
with / and跟 vs to / towards / correct对 (with vs toward)
With her, towards her
- Your sister talks about her best friend, who is always kind to everyone.
- 我常with / and跟she / her她to chat聊天，she / her她to / towards / correct对每个person人all / both都degree / adjective linker很cordial热情。 — "I often chat with her; she's warm towards everyone."
with / and跟 = with (doing something together)
- with / and跟 + person + verb = do it with someone, both taking part: with / and跟friend朋友to have a meal吃饭, with / and跟he / him他to consult商量, with / and跟teacher老师variant of 说说.
- with / and跟…same一样 compares: with / and跟you你same一样high高.
I我want to想with跟you你discuss商量briefly一下。
to / towards / correct对 = towards (an attitude or effect)
- to / towards / correct对 + person / thing + attitude = towards, to: to / towards / correct对I / me我degree / adjective linker很good好, to / towards / correct对music音乐to be interested感兴趣, to / towards / correct对the body身体to have / there is有benefit好处.
- The action or feeling is aimed one way, at the person or thing.
exercise运动for对the body身体has有benefits好处。
Two-way or one-way?
- Talking together (two-way): with / and跟he / him他to speak说话. Attitude towards him (one-way): to / towards / correct对he / him他degree / adjective linker很polite客气.
- to / towards / correct对…variant of 说说 is possible ("say to"): he / him他to / towards / correct对I / me我variant of 说说…, but with / and跟…variant of 说说 is more common in speech.
to / towards / correct对…to be interested感兴趣, with / and跟…to have sth to do with有关
- Fixed with to / towards / correct对: to / towards / correct对…to be interested感兴趣, to / towards / correct对…satisfied满意, to / towards / correct对…to be responsible for负责.
- Fixed with with / and跟: with / and跟…to have / there is有variant of 关系关系, with / and跟…same一样, with / and跟…to marry结婚.
he他in对history历史very很interested感兴趣。
Recap
- with / and跟 = with (together, two-way): with / and跟he / him他to consult商量, with / and跟…same一样.
- to / towards / correct对 = towards (attitude, effect, one-way): to / towards / correct对he / him他degree / adjective linker很good好, to / towards / correct对…to be interested感兴趣.
Practise this pattern step by step.
Practice without the models
with / and跟 vs to / towards / correct对 (with vs toward)
2601.1 Complete: “Exercise is good for your health.” to move运动…………the body身体to have / there is有benefit好处。
2601.2 “I want to discuss it with my parents.” Which fits? I / me我want / think / miss想____father and mother父母to consult商量。
- A. with / and跟
- B. for为
- C. to / for / give给
- D. to / towards / correct对
2601.3 Match each phrase to the right preposition.
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- ___music音乐to be interested感兴趣
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- ___he / him他to marry结婚
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- ___to work工作degree / adjective linker很satisfied满意
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- ___I / me我same一样high高
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A. to / towards / correct对
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B. with / and跟
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C. with / and跟
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D. to / towards / correct对
2601.4 with / and跟friend朋友to have a meal吃饭 means both people take part.
True or false? Explain or repair the statement.
2601.5 Your sister talks about her best friend, who is always kind to everyone. Close the examples. Say a Mandarin response, then write it in Chinese. Explain briefly in English what the lesson’s pattern adds. Compare with the model, then change one detail and try again.
Write or say your own response before reading the key.
Answers and explanations
with / and跟 vs to / towards / correct对 (with vs toward)
2601.1 to / towards / correct对
An effect towards something takes to / towards / correct对.
2601.2 A. with / and跟
Doing something together takes with / and跟.
2601.3 1–D: ___music音乐to be interested感兴趣 = to / towards / correct对; 2–B: ___he / him他to marry结婚 = with / and跟; 3–A: ___to work工作degree / adjective linker很satisfied满意 = to / towards / correct对; 4–C: ___I / me我same一样high高 = with / and跟
Attitudes take to / towards / correct对; togetherness and comparison take with / and跟.
2601.4 True.
True. with / and跟 here means “with, together”: with / and跟friend朋友to have a meal吃饭 means both people eat. to / towards / correct对 instead marks the target of an action or attitude.
2601.5 One possible response: 我常with / and跟she / her她to chat聊天，she / her她to / towards / correct对每个person人all / both都degree / adjective linker很cordial热情。
Check meaning and form:
- My response conveys a message that fits the opening situation.
- I can explain the meaning of the pattern, rather than only naming it.
- Talking together (two-way): with / and跟he / him他to speak说话. Attitude towards him (one-way): to / towards / correct对he / him他degree / adjective linker很polite客气.
- to / towards / correct对…variant of 说说 is possible ("say to"): he / him他to / towards / correct对I / me我variant of 说说…, but with / and跟…variant of 说说 is more common in speech.
- I tried a second response with a name, time, place, or description changed.
This is supported productive practice. Compare meaning and structure; your answer need not copy the model. A partner or teacher must hear the spoken response to comment on pronunciation.