Viết với bổ ngữ về kết quả, hướng và cách thức

Finished, or just tried?

• A writing task asks for a sentence with to finish完wán. Compare: “I / me我wǒto write写xiě(completed / change)了leschool assignment作业zuò yè” and “I / me我wǒto write写xiěto finish完wán(completed / change)了leschool assignment作业zuò yè”.
• Only the second says the homework is finished. HSK 4 writing expects complements that show the result, direction or manner of an action.

Result complements

• Verb + result: to write写xiěto finish完wán (finished), to understand (on hearing)听懂tīng dǒng (understood), to see看见kàn jiàn (saw), to find找到zhǎo dào (found), to make an error做错zuò cuò (did wrong).
• Negate with not / haven't没méi: I / me我wǒnot / haven't没méito understand (on hearing)听懂tīng dǒng — I didn't understand. Potential: to understand (by hearing)听得懂tīng de dǒng / unable to make sense of…听不懂tīng bù dǒng.

the teacher老师lǎo shīsaid说shuō的dewords话huàI我wǒall都dōuunderstood听懂tīng dǒng了le。

Direction and manner

• Direction: to enter走进zǒu jìnto come来lái, to take out拿出ná chūto go去qù, station站zhàn(after a verb) indicating…起来qǐ lái — the action moves somewhere.
• Manner ((degree marker)得de): he / him他tāvariant of 说说shuō(degree marker)得de很快hěn kuài, she / her她tāto sing唱chàng(degree marker)得dedegree / adjective linker很hěngood好hǎo — describes how the action is done.

he他tāChinese中文Zhōng wénspeaks说shuō得devery很hěnfluently流利liú lì。

Write from a picture and a word

• Given a picture of a boy holding a found wallet and the word to find找到zhǎo dào: he / him他tāfinally终于zhōng yúto find找到zhǎo dào(completed / change)了lepurse钱包qián bāo。
• Use the supplied word unchanged, make a complete sentence, and match the picture.

Common mistakes

Recap