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为 … 而 … (for the sake of)
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Working for a dream
- Your cousin works two jobs to save for university.
- his他in order to为了go to上university大学(and)而hard努力works工作。 — "He works hard in order to go to university."
for为((completed / change)了) + goal + (and)而 + action
- for为((completed / change)了) A (and)而 B = "do B for the sake of A": a formal way to link a purpose with an action.
- (and)而 links the purpose to the verb that follows: for为our ideals理想(and)而strive奋斗 — "strive for an ideal".
we我们for为our ideals理想(and)而strive奋斗。
Complete (formal): “Strive for your dreams.” 为梦想____奋斗。
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为 A 而 B links the purpose and the action.
Feelings caused by something
- for为 + cause + (and)而 + feeling: everyone大家all都for为his他(modifier / structural particle)的success成功(and)而happy高兴。 — "Everyone was happy about his success."
- don't不要for为trifle小事(and)而to get angry生气。 — "Don't get angry over small things."
everyone大家all都about为his他的success成功(and)而happy高兴。
Build: “Everyone was happy about his success.”
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为 + cause + 而 + feeling.
Formal, and for为 is wèi
- In this pattern for为 is read wèi ("for"); it is written or formal speech. In chat, in order to为了…, I / me我… is enough.
- (and)而 does not mean "but" here; it links the purpose or cause to the action.
In 不要为小事而生气, what does 而 do?
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In 为 + cause + 而 + verb, 而 links the cause to the reaction: 不要为小事而生气 “Don't get angry over small things.” It does not mean “but” here.
for为…(and)而… versus in order to为了
- in order to为了 + goal, clause: in order to为了go to上university大学，his他hard努力works工作 — the everyday form.
- for为…(and)而… puts the goal and action in one tight phrase, common in speeches and slogans.
in order to为了go to上university大学，he他hard努力works工作。
为了…，… is the more everyday form.
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True. 为了…，… is the everyday way to state a purpose. 为…而… is more formal and written.
Recap
- for为((completed / change)了) A (and)而 B = do B for the sake of A; for为 + cause + (and)而 + feeling = feel … about.
- Formal; for为 = wèi; (and)而 links, it is not "but".
Read the full reference: HSK 4 grammar — Sentence patterns.
Your cousin works two jobs to save for university. Close the examples. Say a Mandarin response, then write it in Chinese. Explain briefly in English what the lesson’s pattern adds. Compare with the model, then change one detail and try again.
This is supported productive practice. Compare meaning and structure; your answer need not copy the model. A partner or teacher must hear the spoken response to comment on pronunciation.