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在于 (lies in / consists in)
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The secret of success
- In an interview, a famous athlete is asked why she keeps winning.
- success成功(modifier / structural particle)的the key关键lies in在于perseverance坚持。 — "The key to success lies in perseverance."
A lies in在于 B = A lies in B
- lies in在于 = "lies in, consists in, depends on": it names where the key point, problem or reason is.
- The subject is usually abstract: the problem问题, the key关键, cause原因, difference区别.
the problem问题lies in在于time时间not enough不够。
Complete: “The problem lies in a lack of money.” 问题____钱不够。
Độ khó 1/5 · 100 xu + một phần thưởng nhỏ cho lần hoàn thành đầu tiên trong ngày
Abstract subject + 在于 + where it lies.
Explaining a difference or a reason
- these这two两个methods'方法(modifier / structural particle)的difference区别lies in在于speed速度。 — "The difference between the two methods lies in speed."
- to follow good examples学好foreign language外语lies in在于many多to practice练习。 — "Learning a language well comes down to plenty of practice."
these这two两个methods'方法的difference区别lies in在于speed速度。
Build: “The difference lies in speed.”
Độ khó 3/5 · 200 xu + một phần thưởng nhỏ cho lần hoàn thành đầu tiên trong ngày
A + 在于 + B.
Abstract subjects, formal style
- lies in在于 needs an abstract subject (key, problem, difference); not he / him他lies in在于Beijing, capital of the…北京 for "he is in Beijing".
- It is formal; in speech, main主要is是… often replaces it: the problem问题main主要is是time时间not enough不够.
Which sentence is correct?
Độ khó 1/5 · 100 xu + một phần thưởng nhỏ cho lần hoàn thành đầu tiên trong ngày
成功的关键在于努力 is right: 在于 means "lies in" and links an abstract subject (关键, 问题) to its cause. It does not mean "is in" a place, so it cannot replace 在.
lies in在于 versus at / in在 and is是
- at / in在 + place = be located: he / him他at / in在Beijing, capital of the…北京.
- is是 states identity: the key关键is是perseverance坚持. lies in在于 stresses that the point lies there: the key关键lies in在于perseverance坚持.
the key关键is是perseverance坚持。
关键是坚持 and 关键在于坚持 have similar meanings.
Độ khó 1/5 · 100 xu + một phần thưởng nhỏ cho lần hoàn thành đầu tiên trong ngày
在于 stresses that the point lies there; 是 states it.
Recap
- Abstract A + lies in在于 + B = A lies in / comes down to B (formal).
- Not for location (at / in在); in speech, main主要is是 / is是 also work.
Read the full reference: HSK 4 grammar — Verbs.
In an interview, a famous athlete is asked why she keeps winning. Close the examples. Say a Mandarin response, then write it in Chinese. Explain briefly in English what the lesson’s pattern adds. Compare with the model, then change one detail and try again.
This is supported productive practice. Compare meaning and structure; your answer need not copy the model. A partner or teacher must hear the spoken response to comment on pronunciation.