วิทยาศาสตร์: สรุปงานวิจัย การควบคุมและการทดสอบทางวิศวกรรม

Original engineering study: beams A and B are tested at a 10 N load with identical length and supports. A costs 4 units and deflects 3 mm; B costs 7 and deflects 1 mm. Required cost ≤5 and deflection ≤4 mm. A satisfies both constraints; B fails cost despite smaller deflection. To test whether thickness explains deflection, use beams of the same material, length and support geometry at several thicknesses under the same load. Testing one thick wooden beam and one thin metal beam confounds material with thickness. Repeated measurements can reveal variation, but repetition alone does not remove that confounding.

Which design satisfies cost ≤5 and deflection ≤4 mm?

To isolate thickness, which should stay fixed?

The measured beam deflection is the ____ variable: independent or dependent?

Repeating a test automatically removes a confounding variable.

Match each term with its precise meaning in this lesson.

Put this lesson’s reasoning or event sequence in order.