因为 … 而 … (because …, thereby …)
Cause and effect, welded
- because因为 + cause + and / but而 + effect = "because of …, (and) thereby …".
- because因为to rain下雨and / but而to cancel取消 = "cancelled because of the rain."
- The and / but而 links the cause directly to its consequence, formally.
because因为 + cause，and / but而 + effect
- because因为…and / but而… ties an outcome to its reason in one tight clause.
the match比赛because因为rain下雨thereby而cancel取消了。
- because因为to rain下雨and / but而to cancel取消 = "cancelled because of the rain."
Explore
Correct or broken?
因为 X 而 Y welds cause to effect inside one clause.
Practice
The match was cancelled because of the rain: 比赛因为下雨 ____ 取消了。
因为 + cause + 而 + effect: 因为下雨而取消.
Practice
因为…而… reads more formal than 因为…所以….
Yes — a tight, written-style cause-effect.
Recap
Key idea
- because因为 + cause + and / but而 + effect — "because of …, thereby …"
- competition (sports etc)比赛because因为to rain下雨and / but而to cancel取消(completed / change)了
- and / but而 links cause to consequence in a tight, formal clause
Read the full reference: HSK 6 grammar — Cause & effect statements.
Practice
What does 而 link here?
因为…而… = because of …, thereby ….