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Writing with result, direction and manner complements
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| English | Meaning |
|---|---|
| manner complement | 状态补语 |
| completion | 完成 |
A decision before an answer
- to write写(degree marker)得good好 describes how well someone writes. to write写good好(completed / change)了 says the writing has been completed satisfactorily.
- Your goal: Distinguish result and manner complements.
Read the relationship
- Result complements describe an achieved outcome, as in to make做to finish完、to understand (on hearing)听懂、to find找到。Manner structures use (degree marker)得 with a description.
- Use complete clauses to describe an achieved outcome.
听懂 chiefly states:
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懂 gives the achieved result of listening.
Use the defining rule
- A picture-based sentence should state visible action or a cautious interpretation. Do not invent an exact identity or hidden history.
- Write a context-fitting sentence from an image or task prompt.
“跑得很快” describes:
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得 introduces the description of running.
Check the conditions
- For a supplied-word task, use the word naturally and keep the sentence complete. Content, grammar and task fit all matter.
- Write a context-fitting sentence from an image or task prompt.
Picture scenario: a student finishing homework. “he / him他to write写to finish完school assignment作业(completed / change)了” gives completion. “he / him他school assignment作业to write写(degree marker)得degree / adjective linker很conscientious认真” describes manner. Both may fit a scene, but they do not assert identical meanings.
“Finished doing”: 做____。
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完 marks completion of the action.
Apply the task format
- These tasks support legacy HSK 4 sentence writing and transferable writing skills. They are not a complete list of new-format writing tasks.
- Write a context-fitting sentence from an image or task prompt.
A fluent sentence unrelated to the image or omitting the required word does not fulfil the task.
Which answer fits this case?
Distinguish result and manner complements
A required word can be omitted if the sentence is otherwise fluent.
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Meeting the prompt is part of writing success.
Keep the distinctions
- manner complement condition状态complement (grammar)补语 — A form describing how an action is performed.
- completion to complete完成 — An action reaching its end.
- Distinguish result and manner complements.
- Use complete clauses to describe an achieved outcome.
- Write a context-fitting sentence from an image or task prompt.
Match each term with its precise meaning in this lesson.
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Keep the distinctions stated in the teaching example.
Put this lesson’s reasoning or event sequence in order.
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The order follows the stated process; check each stage before the next.