并且 (moreover / and also)
IntroducedAdd a quality that supports the point
- You describe someone as intelligent and hard-working.
- he他smart聪明，moreover并且very很hard-working努力。 — moreover并且 adds the second quality to the first.
You describe someone as intelligent and hard-working. What does 他聪明，并且很努力。 communicate?
并且 adds the second quality to the first. The two points are added rather than presented as a concession here. Addition does not always mean both qualities are positive or that the second is stronger.
Build the form
- The pattern in this lesson is moreover并且 (moreover / and also). Locate it in the original interlinear examples below.
- Keep the words in their demonstrated positions; the pattern must fit the intended situation as well as the sentence form.
he他smart聪明，moreover并且very很hard-working努力。
Using the lesson pattern in this demonstrated example: Smart, and moreover hard-working: 他聪明，____ 很努力。
… ，并且 … = moreover: 聪明,并且很努力.
Read examples in context
- In the opening example, he他smart聪明，moreover并且very很hard-working努力。: moreover并且 adds the second quality to the first.
- Explain who acts, what is described and which time or group is relevant before choosing an English paraphrase.
What relation does 并且 mark in 聪明，并且很努力?
It adds a further quality. Addition need not always be positive or stronger; it differs from foregrounding a concession with 但是.
Know the boundary
- The two points are added rather than presented as a concession here.
- Addition does not always mean both qualities are positive or that the second is stronger.
并且 introduces a contrast, like 但是.
In this example 并且 adds another quality. Do not turn that into a rule that added points must always have the same emotional value.
In the opening situation: 并且 adds the second quality to the first.
The two points are added rather than presented as a concession here. Addition does not always mean both qualities are positive or that the second is stronger. 并且 adds the second quality to the first.
Use the distinction
- moreover并且 adds the second quality to the first.
- The two points are added rather than presented as a concession here. Addition does not always mean both qualities are positive or that the second is stronger.
Read the full reference: HSK 4 grammar — Verb phrases.
You describe someone as intelligent and hard-working. Close the examples. Say a Mandarin response, then write it in Chinese. Explain briefly in English what the lesson’s pattern adds. Compare with the model, then change one detail and try again.
This is supported productive practice. Compare meaning and structure; your answer need not copy the model. A partner or teacher must hear the spoken response to comment on pronunciation.