Entrepreneurs, plans and sectors
Introduced| English | Meaning |
|---|---|
| going concern/ˈɡəʊɪŋ kənˈsɜːn/ | going concern |
| sector/ˈsektə/ | A distinct part of an economy, industry or organisation grouped by its activities or ownership. |
| business plan/ˈbɪznəs plæn/ | A document setting out a business's aims, activities, resources and expected financial position. |
| finances/faɪˈnænsɪz/ | finances |
| raising finance/ˈreɪzɪŋ ˈfaɪnæns/ | raising finance |
| investor/ɪnˈvestə/ | A person or organisation that commits resources with the expectation of a future return. |
| primary/ˈpraɪməri/ | The economic sector concerned with obtaining natural resources, such as farming, fishing and mining. |
| raw materials/rɔː məˈtɪərɪəlz/ | Basic substances used as inputs in making products. |
| secondary/ˈsekəndəri/ | The economic sector concerned with manufacturing, processing and construction. |
| manufacturing/ˌmænjuːˈfæktʃərɪŋ/ | The production of physical goods by processing materials or assembling components. |
| construction/kənˈstrʌkʃn/ | construction |
| tertiary/ˈtɜːʃjəri/ | The economic sector that provides services to consumers or other organisations. |
| retail/ˈriːteɪl/ | retail |
| forecast/ˈfɔːkɑːst/ | forecast |
From idea to going concern 持续经营
- A good idea is only the start. Turning it into a working business takes a plan — and a place in the wider economy.
- Every firm also sits in one of three sectors 部门 of production.
Classify business activity
Sort real firms by the sector they mainly belong to.
A key purpose of a business plan is to:
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Lenders and investors expect a plan; it also clarifies the idea.
A document setting out a new business's idea, market and finances is a business ______.
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The business plan is used to clarify the idea and raise finance.
The business plan 商业计划书
- A business plan sets out the idea, the market, the operations and the finances 财务.
- It helps the entrepreneur think it through and is essential for raising finance 融资 from banks or investors 投资者.
Match each sector to an example activity.
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Primary extracts, secondary makes, tertiary serves.
A furniture factory operates in which sector?
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Manufacturing is the secondary sector.
The three sectors
- Primary 第一产业: extracting raw materials 原材料 (farming, mining, fishing).
- Secondary 第二产业: making and building (manufacturing 制造业, construction 建筑业).
- Tertiary 第三产业: providing services (retail 零售, banking, transport).
Raw materials (primary) are turned into goods (secondary) and sold as services (tertiary).
As an economy develops, employment tends to shift towards the:
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Developed economies are service-dominated.
The changing balance of sectors
- As a country develops, employment shifts from primary → secondary → tertiary.
- Rich economies are dominated by the tertiary (service) sector.
A plan reduces risk, it doesn't remove it. Even a detailed business plan rests on forecasts 预测 that may be wrong. It improves the odds and persuades lenders, but the entrepreneur still bears real risk.
You've got it
- a business plan sets out the idea, market, operations and finances — vital to raise finance
- three sectors: primary (raw materials), secondary (make), tertiary (services)
- development shifts activity toward the tertiary sector