Entrepreneurs, plans and sectors
| English | Chinese | Pinyin |
|---|---|---|
| going concern | 持续经营 | chí xù jīng yíng |
| sector | 部门 | bù mén |
| business plan | 商业计划书 | shāng yè jì huà shū |
| finances | 财务 | cái wù |
| raising finance | 融资 | róng zī |
| investor | 投资者 | tóu zī zhě |
| primary | 第一产业 | dì yī chǎn yè |
| raw materials | 原材料 | yuán cái liào |
| secondary | 第二产业 | dì èr chǎn yè |
| manufacturing | 制造业 | zhì zào yè |
| construction | 建筑业 | jiàn zhù yè |
| tertiary | 第三产业 | dì sān chǎn yè |
| retail | 零售 | líng shòu |
| forecast | 预测 | yù cè |
From idea to going concern 持续经营
- A good idea is only the start. Turning it into a working business takes a plan — and a place in the wider economy.
- Every firm also sits in one of three sectors 部门 of production.
Classify business activity
Sort real firms by the sector they mainly belong to.
A key purpose of a business plan is to:
Lenders and investors expect a plan; it also clarifies the idea.
A document setting out a new business's idea, market and finances is a business ______.
The business plan is used to clarify the idea and raise finance.
The business plan 商业计划书
- A business plan sets out the idea, the market, the operations and the finances 财务.
- It helps the entrepreneur think it through and is essential for raising finance 融资 from banks or investors 投资者.
Match each sector to an example activity.
Primary extracts, secondary makes, tertiary serves.
A furniture factory operates in which sector?
Manufacturing is the secondary sector.
The three sectors
- Primary 第一产业: extracting raw materials 原材料 (farming, mining, fishing).
- Secondary 第二产业: making and building (manufacturing 制造业, construction 建筑业).
- Tertiary 第三产业: providing services (retail 零售, banking, transport).
Raw materials (primary) are turned into goods (secondary) and sold as services (tertiary).
As an economy develops, employment tends to shift towards the:
Developed economies are service-dominated.
The changing balance of sectors
- As a country develops, employment shifts from primary → secondary → tertiary.
- Rich economies are dominated by the tertiary (service) sector.
A plan reduces risk, it doesn't remove it. Even a detailed business plan rests on forecasts 预测 that may be wrong. It improves the odds and persuades lenders, but the entrepreneur still bears real risk.
You've got it
- a business plan sets out the idea, market, operations and finances — vital to raise finance
- three sectors: primary (raw materials), secondary (make), tertiary (services)
- development shifts activity toward the tertiary sector