출처 주장에서 타당한 결론으로
도입됨| English | 의미 |
|---|---|
| source claim/sɔːs kleɪm/ | 출처 주장 |
| scope/skəʊp/ | 범위 |
| measure/ˈmeʒə/ | 측정 |
| warrant/ˈwɒrənt/ | 주장 근거 |
| limitation/ˌlɪmɪˈteɪʃn/ | 한계 |
An announcement is not an outcome
- A museum announces: “Our new audio guide makes every visit easier.” A later report says that 18 of 20 visitors who tried it found the instructions clearer. Does this establish an improvement for every visitor?
- A source claim 来源主张 records what its maker says. The announcement shows the museum made a promise; testing its effect needs evidence about actual visits. These statements are invented for this lesson.
공시는 직접 무엇을 확정하는가?
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공시는 약속을 기록할 뿐, 검증된 효과까지 포함하지 않는다.
Identify who supplied the evidence
- The report concerns 20 users of the audio guide. It says nothing about visitors who did not use it, or why they did not. Keep the studied group visible when explaining the result.
- Scope 范围 is the range covered by a claim. “18 of these 20 users” fits the reported count. “Every visitor benefits” goes beyond it, even if the users gave honest answers.
18 긍정적 보고서는 박물관 모든 방문객이 혜택을 받았음을 입증한다.
난이도 1/5 · 100 코인 + 오늘 첫 완료 시 소액 보너스
이 보고서는 20 가이드 사용자를 대상으로 하며, 모든 방문자를 대상으로 하지 않습니다.
Read the measure before the conclusion
- “Instructions clearer” describes reported understanding of instructions. It does not measure waiting time, access to every exhibit or enjoyment of the whole visit. Decide what the question actually asks.
- A measure 衡量指标 must address the proposed outcome. More responses to the same narrow question would not automatically establish an improvement in all parts of a visit.
언급된 조치와 일치하는 결론은 무엇입니까?
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이 질문은 보고된 안내의 명확성에 관한 것입니다.
Explain the evidence-to-claim connection
- A warrant 论证依据 explains why evidence supports a conclusion. Here, users' reports can support a limited claim about their experience of the instructions. Explain that connection rather than writing “the report proves success”.
- Consider what could change the interpretation. If staff invited only satisfied users to respond, selection may affect the finding. Investigate how the users were chosen; do not invent a selection problem as an established fact.
논증의 각 부분을 그에 해당하는 역할과 매칭하십시오.
난이도 2/5 · 140 코인 + 오늘 첫 완료 시 소액 보너스
주장, 증거 및 그 적용 범위를 명확히 구분하십시오.
State what remains unanswered
- A limitation 局限 matters when it changes what you can conclude. The missing non-user evidence prevents a conclusion about all museum visitors. It does not erase what the 20 users reported.
- An actual research plan needs traceable sources, a permitted subject method and supervisor review. This fictional practice case supplies no collected data, approved research question or completed essay paragraph.
연구 결정에 영향을 줄 수 있는 향후 조치는 무엇입니까?
난이도 2/5 · 140 코인 + 오늘 첫 완료 시 소액 보너스
답변의 범위를 넓히기 전에 수집 방법과 결과를 평가하십시오.
선정 편향(선택 편향)을 어떻게 설명해야 합니까?
난이도 1/5 · 100 코인 + 오늘 첫 완료 시 소액 보너스
검토가 필요한 잠재적 우려 사항과 그에 대한 논리적인 영향 분석이 필요합니다
The report states that 18 of 20 audio-guide users found the instructions clearer. This supports a claim about those users' reported understanding, provided the wording and collection process are checked. It does not establish that the guide improved every visit: non-users are absent, and other aspects of a visit were not measured. A next research decision is to define the intended outcome and check what evidence is accessible before widening the claim.
A source can be quoted accurately while the conclusion drawn from it is too broad. Check the group, measure and inference as well as the quotation.
Separate what a source says, what its evidence measures and what your argument can reasonably conclude.