빈곤, 불평등 및 재분배
도입됨| English | 의미 |
|---|---|
| absolute poverty/ˈæbsəluːt ˈpɒvəti/ | 절대 빈곤 |
| relative poverty/ˈrelətɪv ˈpɒvəti/ | 상대 빈곤 |
A decision you can investigate
- Two households can afford food and shelter, but one has much less income than the community norm.
- Poverty and unequal income are related concepts, with different measurements.
Build the explanation
- Absolute poverty 绝对贫困 means insufficient resources to meet basic needs. Relative poverty 相对贫困 means resources well below a society’s usual living standard. Income inequality describes uneven distribution across people or households.
- Reducing poverty can meet basic needs, raise living standards and respond to ethical concerns. Progressive taxes take a larger proportion of higher incomes. Benefits transfer income; education and healthcare can improve future earning capacity and access to work.
Work through the evidence
- Under a fictional tax rule, the first 10000 yuan is untaxed and income above that is taxed at 20%. Income of 20000 pays 2000, an average rate of 10%. Income of 40000 pays 6000, an average rate of 15%.
- A targeted benefit may immediately support food and rent. Training takes longer but can improve employability. Neither works well if eligible households cannot access it.
세율 규칙에 따라 소득 40000에 대한 세금은 얼마인가?
난이도 1/5 · 100 코인 + 오늘 첫 완료 시 소액 보너스
면제액 초과분인 30000만 20%로 과세됩니다.
Test the limits
- A higher tax payment alone does not prove progressivity; compare tax as a percentage of income. Benefits need funding and effective targeting; tax/benefit withdrawal can affect work incentives.
- Education and healthcare reduce barriers but cannot guarantee jobs. State the poverty criterion rather than applying one fictional threshold to every country.
즉각적인 소득 지원이 가능한 조치는 무엇인가?
난이도 1/5 · 100 코인 + 오늘 첫 완료 시 소액 보너스
수당은 자원을 즉시 직접 이전합니다.
부유한 사람이 더 많은 현금을 납부하면 세율은 항상_statesive_합니다.
난이도 1/5 · 100 코인 + 오늘 첫 완료 시 소액 보너스
_statesive_성은 단순히 납품액이 클 뿐 아니라 소득의 비율이 커야 합니다.
Apply and explain your answer
- Why is the fictional rule progressive?
- The average tax rate rises from 10% to 15% as income rises.
불평등과 절대 빈곤을 구분하는 것은 무엇인가?
난이도 1/5 · 100 코인 + 오늘 첫 완료 시 소액 보너스
모든 사람이 기본 필요를 충족하더라도 불균형한 분배가 존재할 수 있습니다.
Use the terms precisely
- absolute poverty: Insufficient resources to meet basic needs.
- relative poverty: Resources substantially below a society’s usual living standard.
용어를 의미와 매칭하십시오.
난이도 2/5 · 140 코인 + 오늘 첫 완료 시 소액 보너스
각 용어는 이번 수업에서 다루는 특정 메커니즘을 설명합니다.
Under a fictional tax rule, the first 10000 yuan is untaxed and income above that is taxed at 20%. Income of 20000 pays 2000, an average rate of 10%. Income of 40000 pays 6000, an average rate of 15%. A targeted benefit may immediately support food and rent. Training takes longer but can improve employability. Neither works well if eligible households cannot access it.
A higher tax payment alone does not prove progressivity; compare tax as a percentage of income. Benefits need funding and effective targeting; tax/benefit withdrawal can affect work incentives. Education and healthcare reduce barriers but cannot guarantee jobs. State the poverty criterion rather than applying one fictional threshold to every country.
Absolute poverty means insufficient resources to meet basic needs. Relative poverty means resources well below a society’s usual living standard. Income inequality describes uneven distribution across people or households.