| English | 의미 |
|---|---|
| trophic level/ˈtrəʊfɪk ˈlevl/ | 영양계단 |
| producers/prəˈdjuːsəz/ | 생산자 |
| primary consumer/ˈpraɪməri kənˈsuːmə/ | 1차소비자 |
| decomposers/ˌdiːkəmˈpəʊzəz/ | 분해자 |
Who eats whom
- In any ecosystem, energy passes from one organism to the next by eating.
- Each step in this chain is a feeding level.
- These feeding levels are called trophic levels.
- They stack up from plants at the bottom to top predators at the top.
Producers: the foundation
- Every food chain starts with producers 生产者 — usually green plants.
- They capture the Sun's energy through photosynthesis.
- This makes them the base, or first, trophic level 营养级.
- Everything above them depends on the energy they capture.
A trophic level is…
난이도 1/5 · 100 코인 + 오늘 첫 완료 시 소액 보너스
A trophic level is one feeding step: producers, then primary consumers, then secondary, and so on.
What is at the base of every food chain?
난이도 1/5 · 100 코인 + 오늘 첫 완료 시 소액 보너스
Producers (plants) form the base, capturing the Sun's energy for all levels above.
Consumers stack up
- A primary consumer 初级消费者 eats producers directly (a herbivore).
- A secondary consumer eats primary consumers.
- A tertiary consumer eats secondary consumers, and so on.
- Each higher level is a new trophic level, further from the Sun's energy.
Build the trophic pyramid
Stack the trophic levels - producers at the base feed each higher level of consumers.
An animal that eats a producer directly is a ____ consumer.
난이도 1/5 · 100 코인 + 오늘 첫 완료 시 소액 보너스
A primary consumer eats producers; a secondary consumer eats primary consumers.
Decomposers close the loop
- Decomposers 分解者 — bacteria and fungi — feed on dead organisms.
- They break dead matter down and release its nutrients.
- Those nutrients return to the soil for producers to reuse.
- So decomposers recycle the materials of life at every level.
Decomposers break down dead organisms and recycle their nutrients.
난이도 1/5 · 100 코인 + 오늘 첫 완료 시 소액 보너스
Decomposers (bacteria and fungi) return nutrients from dead matter to the soil.
Select all true statements about trophic levels.
난이도 2/5 · 140 코인 + 오늘 첫 완료 시 소액 보너스
Top predators sit at the top, not the base. The other three are correct.
Do not put the top predator at the bottom. Producers are always the base of a food chain, because they capture the energy everything else needs. The trophic levels build upward from producers to primary, secondary, and higher consumers.
A simple grassland chain:
- Grass (producer) → grasshopper (primary consumer) → frog (secondary consumer) → snake (tertiary consumer).
- Each arrow shows energy passing to the next trophic level.
- Decomposers feed on all of them when they die, recycling the nutrients.
A trophic level is a feeding position in a food chain. Producers form the base; a primary consumer eats producers, and higher consumers stack above. Decomposers feed on dead matter at every level, recycling nutrients back to the producers.