인용화

• 8 인용화

  8.1

  서술문의 간접인용

  

  

  间接引语 (reported speech) 用来转述别人说过的话，不用引号。常用 said 或 told：

  • say 后面不接听话人:He said (that) …
  • tell 后面要接听话人:He told me (that) …

  他He 说said （连词）that 他he （过去）was 累tired.

  他说他累了。(原话:"I am tired.")

  注意 that 可省略:He said he was tired. 意思一样。

  8.2

  시제 후이

  转述时，如果引述动词是过去时(said / told)，从句的时态通常往后退一步：

  • am / is → was;are → were;do / does → did。
  • will → would;can → could;现在完成 / 一般过去 → 过去完成。

  直接引语:"I will help you," she said.(原话)

  간접인용:

  她She 说said 她she 会would 帮help 我me.

  她说她会帮我。(will → would,I → she,you → me)

  人称和时间词也要变： I → he / she,now → then,today → that day,tomorrow → the next day。

  注意 如果转述的是普遍真理，时态可以不后移:He said the sun rises in the east.

  자주 하는 실수

  • ❌ ~~He said me the truth.~~ / ~~He told that he was busy.~~ → ✓ He told me… / He said (that)… — say 不接听话人,tell 必须接听话人，正好相反。
  • ❌ ~~He asked me where did I live.~~ → ✓ He asked me where I lived. — 转述疑问句要变回陈述语序，did 消失。
  • ❌ ~~She asked me that I was hungry.~~ → ✓ She asked me if / whether I was hungry. — 转述一般疑问句用 if / whether，不用 that。
  • ❌ ~~He said he will come tomorrow.~~ → ✓ He said he would come the next day. — 时态和时间词要一起后移。

모든 주제 · 영어 문법 · B1