Original teaching practice. Read one pattern, cover its model and try the questions before checking the separate answer section. Examples adapted from Chinese Grammar Wiki (AllSet Learning, CC BY-NC-SA) retain the course-reference provenance.
hard to avoid难免 (hard to avoid / bound to)
Reassure a beginner, then help
- A teacher says new hand新手hard to avoid难免to make a mistake出错。 — mistakes are hard for beginners to avoid. The teacher is recognising a common difficulty.
- The next step can still be to check and correct the work. Recognising the difficulty does not mean every error should stay.
Name the difficult-to-avoid result
- Use hard to avoid难免 + result or action phrase: the first time第一次to rise to power (in…上台，hard to avoid难免nervous紧张。 — feeling nervous on a first stage appearance is hard to avoid.
- Keep the situation in view: first-time performing supplies a reason for the expectation. hard to avoid难免 itself supplies no number or percentage.
beginners新手bound to难免make mistakes出错。
Keep expectation separate from a count
- In a fictional practice record, twelve beginners try a task and three make an error; nine do not. Those numbers come from the record.
- The teacher can acknowledge mistakes as hard to avoid without claiming that all twelve must fail. A learner who succeeds does not turn the phrase into a numerical rule.
Use the named situation
- 路上车很多，难免会晚一点。 presents heavy traffic as a reason to expect some lateness. It does not specify ten minutes.
- A different route with little traffic needs its own assessment. Do not transfer the first route’s reason to every journey.
Difficulty does not remove responsibility
- hard to avoid难免to make a mistake出错 describes an expectation. to ask请inspection检查variant of 并并改正错误。 asks for checking and correction; the two ideas can fit together.
- A speaker may reassure someone or acknowledge a problem. The phrase alone does not prove the mistake was harmless or that correction is forbidden.
Read a bounded expectation
- Name the circumstances and the result treated as difficult to avoid. Keep actual counts and waiting times tied to explicit evidence.
- Do not turn hard to avoid难免 into every person, every time, a fixed probability or permission to ignore the result.
Practise this pattern step by step.
to receive受 (receive / be affected)
Identify who receives the welcome
- Students like a teacher: this (person)这位teacher老师degree / adjective linker很popular受欢迎。 — this teacher is popular. The teacher is the person receiving a favourable response.
- The sentence does not say the teacher welcomes someone else. It also does not prove that every student likes the teacher.
Learn established combinations
- popular受欢迎 describes being welcomed or popular; to receive受influence影响 describes being affected; to sustain injuries受伤 describes getting hurt.
- Learn these combinations as words or phrases. to receive受 is not a slot that can replace (passive: by)被 before every verb.
he他very很be受welcomed欢迎。
Reverse the viewpoint carefully
- student学生to welcome欢迎teacher老师。 makes students the people giving the welcome. teacher老师to receive受student学生to welcome欢迎。 keeps the teacher as its recipient.
- Both describe a favourable response in this example. to receive受 does not mean every affected person suffers something bad.
Follow the named effect
- competition (sports etc)比赛to receive受weather天气influence影响。 says the match is affected by the weather. The weather is the source of the effect; the match is affected.
- The sentence alone does not report cancellation. A delay, changed conditions or cancellation needs further information.
Separate a condition from its cause
- he / him他to sustain injuries受伤(completed / change)了。 reports that he got hurt. It does not name an attacker, a cause or an intention.
- A fictional report says three of eight players were injured. That leaves five not reported injured; the numbers come from the report, not from to receive受.
Track the recipient and the claim
- Find who receives the response or effect. Check the established phrase and any explicitly named source, such as student学生 or weather天气.
- Do not infer universal popularity, deliberate harm or cancellation. Use a separate complete sentence when you need to give that extra information.
Practise this pattern step by step.
Practice without the models
hard to avoid难免 (hard to avoid / bound to)
1201.1 Use the lesson target hard to avoid难免: Mistakes are hard for beginners to avoid: new hand新手 ………… to make a mistake出错。
1201.2 {'en': 'hard to avoid难免 treats the outcome as…', 'zh': 'hard to avoid难免 (把: marks the object)把outcome结果to look upon as看作……'}
- A. Hard to avoid under the circumstances
- B. Easily prevented without effort
1201.3 new hand新手hard to avoid难免to make a mistake出错 means a teacher is forbidden to ask beginners to correct mistakes.
True or false? Explain or repair the statement.
1201.4 A teacher reassures beginners that mistakes are normal. What does new hand新手hard to avoid难免to make a mistake出错。 communicate?
- A. The speaker treats mistakes as difficult to avoid.
- B. hard to avoid难免 proves every beginner makes every possible mistake.
1201.5 new hand新手hard to avoid难免to make a mistake出错 specifies that exactly half of the beginners will make an error.
True or false? Explain or repair the statement.
1201.6 A fictional record has twelve beginners; three made an error. How many did not make an error in that task?
1201.7 Match each statement to what it does.
-
- new hand新手hard to avoid难免to make a mistake出错。
-
- to ask请inspection检查variant of 并并改正错误。
-
- 十二个philtrum人中to have / there is有三个person人to make a mistake出错。
-
A. Report an explicit count
-
B. Ask for checking and correction
-
C. Acknowledge a difficult-to-avoid outcome
1201.8 Heavy traffic on route A supports 难免会晚一点. Route B has little traffic. What follows about B?
- A. It must have exactly the same delay as A
- B. It needs its own assessment; A’s traffic does not establish B’s delay
1201.9 Recall the situation: Reassure a beginner, then help. Decide what the speaker wanted to communicate. Close the examples. Say a Mandarin response, then write it in Chinese. Explain briefly in English what the lesson’s pattern adds. Compare with the model, then change one detail and try again.
Write or say your own response before reading the key.
to receive受 (receive / be affected)
1202.1 Using the lesson pattern in this demonstrated example: He's very popular: he / him他degree / adjective linker很 ………… to welcome欢迎。
1202.2 {'en': 'to sustain injuries受伤 means…', 'zh': 'to sustain injuries受伤 to be / is是what什么idea意思?'}
- A. {'en': 'get injured / be hurt', 'zh': 'to sustain injuries受伤 / to receive (praise, an…受到to injure伤害'}
- B. {'en': 'cause an injury to others', 'zh': 'to make使other people别人to sustain injuries受伤'}
1202.3 {'en': 'to receive受 gives the sentence a passive flavour (the subject undergoes it).', 'zh': 'to receive受 to / for / give给sentence句子one kind of一种passive被动tint色彩(subject (in grammar)主语to bear承受)。'}
True or false? Explain or repair the statement.
1202.4 Many people like a particular teacher. What does this (person)这位teacher老师degree / adjective linker很popular受欢迎。 communicate?
- A. The teacher receives a favourable response from others.
- B. to receive受 can replace (passive: by)被 before every verb without changing the grammar.
1202.5 to receive受 can replace (passive: by)被 before every verb without changing the grammar.
True or false? Explain or repair the statement.
1202.6 Match the complete sentence to its recipient or affected subject.
-
- teacher老师to receive受student学生to welcome欢迎。
-
- competition (sports etc)比赛to receive受weather天气influence影响。
-
- he / him他to sustain injuries受伤(completed / change)了。
-
A. Match is affected by the weather
-
B. He is the person injured
-
C. Teacher receives the welcome
1202.7 competition (sports etc)比赛to receive受weather天气influence影响 shows that the match was cancelled.
True or false? Explain or repair the statement.
1202.8 A fictional report lists eight players and says three were injured. How many players are not reported injured?
1202.9 Recall the situation: Identify who receives the welcome. Decide what the speaker wanted to communicate. Close the examples. Say a Mandarin response, then write it in Chinese. Explain briefly in English what the lesson’s pattern adds. Compare with the model, then change one detail and try again.
Write or say your own response before reading the key.
Answers and explanations
hard to avoid难免 (hard to avoid / bound to)
1201.1 {'en': 'hard to avoid难免', 'zh': 'hard to avoid难免'}
{'en': 'hard to avoid难免 + VP = bound to / hard to avoid: new hand新手hard to avoid难免to make a mistake出错.', 'zh': 'hard to avoid难免 + verb动词phrase (grammar)短语 = hard to avoid难免:new hand新手hard to avoid难免to make a mistake出错。'}
1201.2 A. Hard to avoid under the circumstances
hard to avoid难免 presents an expectation of difficulty, not a guarantee that every possible instance must occur.
1201.3 False.
Acknowledging that mistakes are hard to avoid is compatible with asking for correction.
1201.4 A. The speaker treats mistakes as difficult to avoid.
The speaker treats mistakes as difficult to avoid. hard to avoid难免 is an ordinary expectation, not a mathematical guarantee that every beginner must make a mistake in every task. A careful person can still avoid a particular error.
1201.5 False.
The expression supplies no numerical rate. Actual records are needed for a count.
1201.6 9
Twelve minus three is nine. The record supplies this count, not hard to avoid难免.
1201.7 1–C: new hand新手hard to avoid难免to make a mistake出错。 = Acknowledge a difficult-to-avoid outcome; 2–B: to ask请inspection检查variant of 并并改正错误。 = Ask for checking and correction; 3–A: 十二个philtrum人中to have / there is有三个person人to make a mistake出错。 = Report an explicit count
Expectation, an instruction and a measured count serve different purposes.
1201.8 B. It needs its own assessment; A’s traffic does not establish B’s delay
Keep the stated reason with its route. No exact number of minutes was supplied for either route.
1201.9 One possible response: new hand新手hard to avoid难免to make a mistake出错。
Check meaning and form:
- My response conveys a message that fits the opening situation.
- I can explain the meaning of the pattern, rather than only naming it.
- 路上车很多，难免会晚一点。 presents heavy traffic as a reason to expect some lateness. It does not specify ten minutes.
- A different route with little traffic needs its own assessment. Do not transfer the first route’s reason to every journey.
- I tried a second response with a name, time, place, or description changed.
This is supported productive practice. Compare meaning and structure; your answer need not copy the model. A partner or teacher must hear the spoken response to comment on pronunciation.
to receive受 (receive / be affected)
1202.1 {'en': 'to receive受', 'zh': 'to receive受'}
{'en': 'to receive受 + Verb / Noun = be subjected to / receive: popular受欢迎.', 'zh': 'to receive受 + verb动词 / noun名词 = to receive受……:popular受欢迎。'}
1202.2 A. {'en': 'get injured / be hurt', 'zh': 'to sustain injuries受伤 / to receive (praise, an…受到to injure伤害'}
{'en': 'to receive受 marks the subject as the one affected: to sustain injuries受伤, to receive受influence影响.', 'zh': 'to receive受 to express / indicate表示subject (in grammar)主语to be / is是to receive受influence影响square方:to sustain injuries受伤、to receive受influence影响。'}
1202.3 True.
{'en': 'Yes – popular受欢迎 / to sustain injuries受伤 / to receive受influence影响.', 'zh': 'to / towards / correct对 –– popular受欢迎 / to sustain injuries受伤 / to receive受influence影响。'}
1202.4 A. The teacher receives a favourable response from others.
The teacher receives a favourable response from others. Learn established combinations such as popular受欢迎 and to receive受influence影响. to receive受 is not a universal replacement for (passive: by)被 before any verb.
1202.5 False.
popular受欢迎, to sustain injuries受伤 and to receive受influence影响 are established combinations. Do not replace (passive: by)被 with to receive受 before every verb.
1202.6 1–C: teacher老师to receive受student学生to welcome欢迎。 = Teacher receives the welcome; 2–A: competition (sports etc)比赛to receive受weather天气influence影响。 = Match is affected by the weather; 3–B: he / him他to sustain injuries受伤(completed / change)了。 = He is the person injured
Track the person or thing receiving the response or effect, rather than reversing the source and recipient.
1202.7 False.
An effect is reported; cancellation is one possible extra fact, not part of the phrase itself.
1202.8 5
Eight minus three is five. to sustain injuries受伤 reports injury without naming its cause or intention.
1202.9 One possible response: this (person)这位teacher老师degree / adjective linker很popular受欢迎。
Check meaning and form:
- My response conveys a message that fits the opening situation.
- I can explain the meaning of the pattern, rather than only naming it.
- competition (sports etc)比赛to receive受weather天气influence影响。 says the match is affected by the weather. The weather is the source of the effect; the match is affected.
- The sentence alone does not report cancellation. A delay, changed conditions or cancellation needs further information.
- I tried a second response with a name, time, place, or description changed.
This is supported productive practice. Compare meaning and structure; your answer need not copy the model. A partner or teacher must hear the spoken response to comment on pronunciation.