What the CED states
- Europeans expanded the trade of enslaved Africans in response to the establishment of a plantation economy in the Americas and demographic catastrophes among indigenous peoples.
- The CED names two causes and puts them in that order: a plantation economy requiring labour, and demographic catastrophes removing the labour previously coerced.
- The verb is expanded — the CED is describing an increase in scale, and the objective asks for its causes and development.
CEDが列挙する原因を両方選択せよ。
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これらはCEDの文中でその順に現れる。
A plantation is a demand for labour
- A plantation grows one crop for export at scale, which requires far more labour than a smallholding does.
- The crop cannot be grown profitably in Europe, and the demand for it is in Europe — so the labour has to be found where the crop grows.
- So the plantation economy is not a background condition; the CED makes it the first cause.
CEDの動詞は expanded（拡大した）であり、これは以下を記録している...
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変化したのは規模、目的地、および法的形式のみである。
Demographic catastrophe
- The CED's second cause is demographic catastrophes among indigenous peoples, which 1.8 explained through the Columbian Exchange.
- So the two subtopics are one chain: disease reduces one population, and the demand for labour is met by enslaving another.
- Stating that chain plainly is what the objective asks for.
プランテーション経済から奴隷貿易へと追跡する。
この交易の拡大は、他地域で生じた需要の結果である。
____ は輸出向けに大規模な単一作物栽培を行い、小規模農家よりもはるかに多くの労働力を必要とする。
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CEDはこれを背景条件ではなく、最初の原因として位置づけている。
The CED's verb is expanded, which is precise. A trade in enslaved people existed before; what grew was its scale, its Atlantic destination and its legal form in the Americas. Naming what specifically expanded is more accurate than treating the whole institution as newly invented.
CEDの連鎖を正しい順序で並べ替えよ。
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各要素はCEDに明記されており、設問はそれらを正しい順序で記述することを求めている。
Expansion, not invention
- The CED's verb is expanded, which records that a trade in enslaved people existed before and grew.
- What changed was the scale, the destination and the legal form it took in the Americas.
- Naming what specifically expanded is more precise than treating the whole institution as new.
このサブトピックと1.8は一つの連鎖を形成する。
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疫病が一方の人口を減らし、労働力不足は他方の奴隷化によって補われる。
Causes and development
- The objective is the causes for and the development of the slave trade.
- Causes: plantation labour demand and demographic catastrophe, as the CED states.
- Development: growth in volume, the Atlantic route, and the plantation systems that unit 4 of World History described in parallel.
A crop that Europe wants and cannot grow is planted where it will grow, at a scale no local labour force can supply, in a region whose population has just been reduced by disease. Each link is stated in the CED; the objective is asking you to state them in order.
Europeans expanded the trade of enslaved Africans in response to the establishment of a plantation economy in the Americas and demographic catastrophes among indigenous peoples. Two causes, in that order. The verb expanded records growth in scale, destination and legal form, and the chain runs directly from 1.8's Columbian Exchange.