| English | 意味 |
|---|---|
| dissemination | 普及・伝播 |
One sentence, enormous consequences
- The invention of printing promoted the dissemination 传播 of new ideas.
- That is the whole Key Concept, which means the exam wants your account of the mechanisms.
- So the work of this subtopic is to say how printing did that, in specific and evidenced steps.
このサブトピックの核心概念は1文であり、これは試験が…を求めていることを意味する。
難易度 1/5 · 100 コイン + 今日初回完了時に小ボーナス付与
どのように印刷思想を広めたかを、具体的な手順で述べよ。
Identical copies change what a text is
- A manuscript is copied by hand, so every copy differs slightly and errors accumulate.
- A printed edition produces hundreds of identical copies, so a scholar in one city can cite a page number to a scholar in another.
- That is what makes shared, cumulative scholarship possible — and it is a precondition for both 1.3 and unit 4.
このImplementedが名称するメカニズムをすべて選択せよ。
難易度 2/5 · 140 コイン + 今日初回完了時に小ボーナス付与
ここでの変化は輸送にはあるわけではない。
Cost, and therefore reach
- Printing lowered the price of a book dramatically, which widened who could own one.
- A wider readership makes writing for that readership worth doing — in vernacular languages as well as Latin.
- So printing changes not only how fast an idea travels but which ideas are written down at all.
考えを印刷機で倍増させる
印刷機は増幅装置である：それは考えを提供せず、それ如果没有它，考えは誰も届かない。
印刷は誤りよりも正確な学問をより効率的に広めた。
難易度 1/5 · 100 コイン + 今日初回完了時に小ボーナス付与
伝播は正確性について中立である——それは equally well（等しく良く）両方へ広がった。
Dissemination is neutral about accuracy. Printing spread errors, forgeries and polemic exactly as efficiently as it spread scholarship — which is why the same technology underwrites both the philological correction of texts and the pamphlet wars of unit 2.
同一の写本により、学者たちは都市間をまたいで同じ ____ を引用できる。
難易度 1/5 · 100 コイン + 今日初回完了時に小ボーナス付与
蓄積的な学術研究は、あの退屈な事実から始まる。
Control became harder
- A manuscript can be suppressed by seizing it; an edition of a thousand cannot.
- So printing shifted the balance between authors and authorities, which matters for 1.2's institutional challenge and for unit 2.
- It also spread errors and forgeries just as efficiently — dissemination is neutral about accuracy.
答えが後方に指向し得るすべての後の発展を すべて 選択せよ。
難易度 2/5 · 140 コイン + 今日初回完了時に小ボーナス付与
この客観事項は 近代 ヨーロッパ史を網羅する。
Cultural and intellectual developments
- The objective is the influence of the printing press on cultural and intellectual developments in modern European history — note modern, not just 1450–1648.
- So the answer can reach forward: the Reformation, the Scientific Revolution, the Enlightenment and the nineteenth-century press all depend on it.
- Naming a mechanism and then a later development that used it is exactly what the objective invites.
Two scholars in different countries can now argue about the same sentence, because they own the same edition and can cite the same page. Before printing, they would first have had to establish that they were reading the same text at all. Cumulative scholarship begins with that boring fact.
The invention of printing promoted the dissemination of new ideas — the whole Key Concept, so supply the mechanisms yourself: identical copies make cumulative scholarship possible, lower cost widens readership and encourages vernacular writing, and volume makes suppression harder. Dissemination is neutral about accuracy, and the objective covers modern European history, not only 1450–1648.