名詞句

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22 名詞句
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22.1
所有 (的) + 名词 — "all (the)"

all所有suǒ yǒu before a noun means "all of, every single" — the whole set, usually a sizable one. It pairs with all / both都dōu in the predicate, the (modifier / structural particle)的de is usually present, and — crucially — you negate it with no不是bú shì, not not不bù.

Structure: 所有 + (的) + Noun + 都 …

all所有suǒ yǒuthe people人rén都dōuleft走zǒu了le吗ma？

Has everyone left?

our我们wǒ menschool学校xué xiàoall所有suǒ yǒu的deteachers老师lǎo shī都dōucan会huìspeak说shuōEnglish英文Yīng wén。

All the teachers at our school can speak English.

Remember: all所有suǒ yǒu…all / both都dōu = "every single one" (stronger than a bare all / both都dōu). To say "not all," negate the whole with no不是bú shì: no不是bú shì所有人suǒ yǒu rénall / both都dōu… ("not everyone…"), never 所有人suǒ yǒu rénall / both都dōunot不bù… (which means "none of them…").

Watch out

所有人suǒ yǒu rénall / both都dōunot不bùto go去qù ("none go") vs no不是bú shì所有人suǒ yǒu rénall / both都dōuto go去qù ("not all go") — where the not不bù / no不是bú shì sits flips the meaning.
22.2
…… 之一 — "one of (the) …"

one of (sth)之一zhī yī at the end of a noun phrase means "one of the …" — a single member of a named group. It very often follows a most最zuì ("most") phrase. The (of — literary)之zhī is archaic ("of"), but the phrase is everyday, even in speech。

Structure: Subject + 是 + [Noun Phrase] + 之一

she她tāis是shìmy我wǒbest最好zuì hǎo的defriends朋友péng youone of之一zhī yī。

She is one of my best friends.

this这zhèis是shìin the world世界上shì jiè shàngbiggest最zuì大dà的decities城市chéng shìone of之一zhī yī。

This is one of the biggest cities in the world.

Remember: one of (sth)之一zhī yī = "one OF (them)," bolted onto the END (best最好zuì hǎo(modifier / structural particle)的defriend朋友péng yǒuone of (sth)之一zhī yī). (of — literary)之zhī is old-style "of," so read it as "[group] — of which, one." Note the plural noun: "one of my best friends."

Watch out

It tacks onto the tail of the phrase, never the front: …city城市chéng shìone of (sth)之一zhī yī ✓, not one of (sth)之一zhī yī…city城市chéng shì。
22.3
另外 + Number + MW + Noun — "the other(s), another"

additional另外lìng wài (or other另lìng) singles out the remaining or a different member — "(the) other, another." There's no (modifier / structural particle)的de after it, and it's often followed by 一个yí gè. Use bare other另lìng for a singular (other另lìng一个yí gè)。

構文gòu wén： 另外 + Number + Measure Word + Noun · 另 + 一 + MW + Noun

I我wǒhave有yǒutwo两liǎng个gephones手机shǒu jīone，一个yí geis是shìXiaomi小米Xiǎo mǐthe other，另lìng一个yí geis是shìiPhone。

I have two phones — one's a Xiaomi, the other's an iPhone.

one一套yí tàoherself自己zì jǐlives in住zhùthe other，另lìng一套yí tàorents租zūout出去chū qù了le。

She lives in one (flat) and rents the other out.

Remember: additional另外lìng wài / other另lìng = "the OTHER one" — and NO (modifier / structural particle)的de (additional另外lìng wài一个yí gè ✓, not additional另外lìng wài(modifier / structural particle)的de一个yí gè). For a singular, just other另lìng: other另lìng一个yí gè, other另lìngone kind of一种yī zhǒng. Pairs beautifully with 一个yí gè…other另lìng一个yí gè… ("one… the other…”)。

Watch out

Don't add (modifier / structural particle)的de: additional另外lìng wài一个yí gèperson人rén ✓, additional另外lìng wài(modifier / structural particle)的deperson人rén means something looser ("other people”)。