HSK 1

任务一、六 · Introductions, identity and polite exchanges

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Use the examples with their context and limits. Recall a sentence before reading the model. Original teaching additions accompany examples adapted from Chinese Grammar Wiki (AllSet Learning, CC BY-NC-SA); see the course reference provenance.

Meet a new classmate

Greet someone, exchange names, and ask about an identity.

Build the meaning

Use I / me我wǒvariant of 叫叫jiào…… for your name and I / me我wǒto be / is是shì…… for an identity. Say you你nǐvariant of 叫叫jiàowhat什么shén mename (of a person or thing)名字míng zì？ to ask a name.

Add (yes/no ?)吗ma to a statement to ask a yes–no question. Answer the question given: you你nǐto be / is是shìteacher老师lǎo shī(yes/no ?)吗ma？ — no不是bú shì，I / me我wǒto be / is是shìstudent学生xué shēng。

Useful words in context

hello你好nǐ hǎo nǐ hǎo — hello. hello你好nǐ hǎo！I / me我wǒvariant of 叫叫jiào林安lín ān。
name (of a person or thing)名字míng zì míngzi — name. you你nǐvariant of 叫叫jiàowhat什么shén mename (of a person or thing)名字míng zì？
student学生xué shēng xuésheng — student. I / me我wǒto be / is是shìstudent学生xué shēng。
teacher老师lǎo shī lǎoshī — teacher. you你nǐto be / is是shìteacher老师lǎo shī(yes/no ?)吗ma？
to thank谢谢xiè xiè xièxie — thank you. to thank谢谢xiè xièyou你nǐ！

Read for meaning

hello你好nǐ hǎo！I / me我wǒvariant of 叫叫jiào林安lín ān。I / me我wǒto be / is是shìstudent学生xué shēng。Wang Li (1900-1986), one of…王力wáng lìto be / is是shìteacher老师lǎo shī。

Hello! My name is Lin An. I am a student. Wang Li is a teacher.

Listen to a different passage

Ask a partner to read this with the script closed. Use the online practice for browser playback.

hello你好nǐ hǎo！I / me我wǒvariant of 叫叫jiàoWang Li (1900-1986), one of…王力wáng lì。I / me我wǒto be / is是shìstudent学生xué shēng。you你nǐvariant of 叫叫jiàowhat什么shén mename (of a person or thing)名字míng zì？

Hello! My name is Wang Li. I am a student. What is your name?

Speak and write

Greet a new classmate, give your name, and ask their name. Use real or fictional names.

Write a greeting, your name, and your identity. Use a fictional role if you wish.

One speaking model: hello你好nǐ hǎo！I / me我wǒvariant of 叫叫jiào林安lín ān。you你nǐvariant of 叫叫jiàowhat什么shén mename (of a person or thing)名字míng zì？

One writing model: hello你好nǐ hǎo！I / me我wǒvariant of 叫叫jiào林安lín ān。I / me我wǒto be / is是shìstudent学生xué shēng。

A greeting makes sense in the situation.
I / me我wǒvariant of 叫叫jiào introduces the name.
I / me我wǒto be / is是shì introduces an identity.

Check the distinction: variant of 叫叫jiào gives a name; to be / is是shì gives an identity. Use I / me我wǒvariant of 叫叫jiào林安lín ān and I / me我wǒto be / is是shìstudent学生xué shēng, rather than swapping the two verbs.

Learn step by step · Practise and review.

語彙

練習する

English	日本語
to love	爱
eight	八
father	爸爸
cup	杯子
Beijing	北京
measure word for books	本
not	不
you're welcome	不客气
dish	菜
tea	茶
to eat	吃
taxi	出租车
to make a telephone call	打电话
big	大
possessive particle	的
point	点
computer	电脑
television	电视
movie	电影
thing	东西
all	都
to read	读
I'm sorry	对不起
many	多
how much	多少
son	儿子
two	二
restaurant	饭馆
airplane	飞机
minute	分钟
happy	高兴
measure word	个
to work	工作
dog	狗
Chinese language	汉语
good	好
to drink	喝
and	和
very	很
the back	后面
to return	回
can	会
train station	火车站
how many	几
home	家
to shout	叫
today	今天
nine	九
to open	开
to see	看
to catch sight of	看见
piece	块
to come	来
teacher	老师
completed-action particle	了
cold	冷
inside	里
zero	零
six	六
mama	妈妈
question particle	吗
to buy	买
cat	猫
not have	没
it doesn't matter	没关系
rice	米饭
name	名字
tomorrow	明天
which	哪
that	那
follow-up question particle	呢
to be able to	能
you	你
year	年
daughter	女儿
friend	朋友
pretty	漂亮
apple	苹果
seven	七
ahead	前面
money	钱
to ask	请
to go	去
hot	热
person	人
to know	认识
sun	日
three	三
store	商店
up	上
morning	上午
few	少
what?	什么
ten	十
time	时候
to be	是
book	书
who	谁
water	水
fruit	水果
to go to bed	睡觉
to speak	说话
four	四
years old	岁
he	他
she	她
too	太
weather	天气
to listen to	听
to study at the same school	同学
hello	喂
I	我
we	我们
five	五
to like	喜欢
down	下
afternoon	下午
to rain	下雨
gentleman	先生
now	现在
to think	想
small	小
young lady	小姐
some	些
to write	写
to thank	谢谢
week	星期
student	学生
to learn	学习
school	学校
one	一
clothes	衣服
doctor	医生
hospital	医院
chair	椅子
to have	有
moon	月
goodbye	再见
to exist	在
how?	怎么
how about?	怎么样
this	这
China	中国
noon	中午
to live	住
table	桌子
letter	字
yesterday	昨天
to sit	坐
to make	做

2
任务二 · Dates, time and event information
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Use the examples with their context and limits. Recall a sentence before reading the model. Original teaching additions accompany examples adapted from Chinese Grammar Wiki (AllSet Learning, CC BY-NC-SA); see the course reference provenance.

Arrange a time to meet

Ask the day and time, then agree when to meet.

Build the meaning

Numbers combine: eleven十一shí yī is 11, twenty二十èr shí is 20, and 二十三èr shí sān is 23. For clock time, 三点sān diǎn is 3 o’clock and 三点sān diǎnhalf半bàn is 3:30.

week星期xīng qīhow many / a few几jǐ asks the weekday; what time?几点jǐ diǎn asks the clock time. A simple time phrase can come before the verb: I / me我wǒtomorrow明天míng tiān三点sān diǎnto go去qùschool学校xué xiào。

Useful words in context
- tomorrow明天míng tiān míngtiān — tomorrow. I / me我wǒtomorrow明天míng tiānto go去qùschool学校xué xiào。
- Wednesday星期三xīng qī sān xīngqīsān — Wednesday. tomorrow明天míng tiānto be / is是shìWednesday星期三xīng qī sān。
- what time?几点jǐ diǎn jǐ diǎn — what time. you你nǐwhat time?几点jǐ diǎnto go去qù？
- half半bàn bàn — half. 三点sān diǎnhalf半bàn。
- school学校xué xiào xuéxiào — school. I / me我wǒto go去qùschool学校xué xiào。
Read for meaning

tomorrow明天míng tiānto be / is是shìWednesday星期三xīng qī sān。Wang Li (1900-1986), one of…王力wáng lì三点sān diǎnto go去qùschool学校xué xiào。林安lín ān三点sān diǎn半去bàn qùschool学校xué xiào。

Tomorrow is Wednesday. Wang Li goes to school at three. Lin An goes at half past three.

Listen to a different passage

Ask a partner to read this with the script closed. Use the online practice for browser playback.

tomorrow明天míng tiānWednesday星期三xīng qī sān，we / us我们wǒ menafternoon下午xià wǔ四点sì diǎnat / in在zàischool学校xué xiàoto appear见jiàn。

Tomorrow, Wednesday, we will meet at school at four in the afternoon.

Speak and write

Ask a partner the day and time of a fictional meeting. They suggest Wednesday at four; confirm it.

Write a two-line meeting note: the weekday and time, then the place. Change at least one detail from the reading.

One speaking model: A: week星期xīng qīhow many / a few几jǐ？what time?几点jǐ diǎn？ B: Wednesday星期三xīng qī sānafternoon下午xià wǔ四点sì diǎn。 A: good好hǎo，afternoon下午xià wǔ四点sì diǎnto appear见jiàn。

One writing model: Thursday星期四xīng qī sìafternoon下午xià wǔ三点sān diǎnhalf半bàn。we / us我们wǒ menat / in在zàischool学校xué xiàoto appear见jiàn。
- The weekday and clock time are identifiable.
- The place is stated.
- The time differs from the reading.
Check the distinction: Wednesday星期三xīng qī sān is a weekday; 三点sān diǎn is a clock time. Do not answer one question with the other.

Learn step by step · Practise and review.
3
任务三、九 · Objects, quantities and buying
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Use the examples with their context and limits. Recall a sentence before reading the model. Original teaching additions accompany examples adapted from Chinese Grammar Wiki (AllSet Learning, CC BY-NC-SA); see the course reference provenance.

Buy a small quantity

Ask the price and buy a stated number of things.

Build the meaning

Count ordinary objects with number + measure word + noun: 两个liǎng gèapple苹果píng guǒ, two apples. two两liǎng is useful before (measure word)个gè; two二èr is used in numbers such as twenty二十èr shí.

how many / how much多少duō shaocoin钱qián asks a price. 我要wǒ yào…… says what you want in this buying situation; it is not the same as I / me我wǒto have / there is有yǒu……, I have.

Useful words in context
- apple苹果píng guǒ píngguǒ — apple. 我要wǒ yào两个liǎng gèapple苹果píng guǒ。
- (measure word)个gè ge — general measure word. 三个sān gèapple苹果píng guǒ。
- how many / how much多少duō shaocoin钱qián duōshao qián — how much money. how many / how much多少duō shaocoin钱qián？
- lump块kuài kuài — yuan, spoken. 十块钱shí kuài qián。
- want / will / need要yào yào — want, in this request. 我要wǒ yàowater水shuǐ。
Read for meaning

林安要lín ān yào两个liǎng gèapple苹果píng guǒand / with和hé一杯yī bēiwater水shuǐ。两个liǎng gèapple苹果píng guǒ六块钱liù kuài qián，一杯yī bēiwater水shuǐ三块sān kuàicoin钱qián。altogether一共yī gòng九块jiǔ kuàicoin钱qián。

Lin An wants two apples and one cup of water. The apples cost six yuan and the water three: nine yuan altogether.

Listen to a different passage

Ask a partner to read this with the script closed. Use the online practice for browser playback.

我要wǒ yào三个sān gèapple苹果píng guǒ，don't不要bú yàowater水shuǐ。三个sān gèapple苹果píng guǒ九块jiǔ kuàicoin钱qián。

I want three apples, not water. Three apples cost nine yuan.

Speak and write

Be a customer: ask a price, then order three apples. Be the seller and give a price.

Write a short order for two apples and water. State a fictional total price.

One speaking model: A: 三个sān gèapple苹果píng guǒhow many / how much多少duō shaocoin钱qián？ B: 九块jiǔ kuàicoin钱qián。 A: 我要wǒ yào三个sān gèapple苹果píng guǒ。

One writing model: 我要wǒ yào两个liǎng gèapple苹果píng guǒand / with和hé一杯yī bēiwater水shuǐ。altogether一共yī gòng十块钱shí kuài qián。
- Use a number and measure word with apple苹果píng guǒ.
- Include both requested items.
- Label the price as a total.
Check the distinction: The count is 两个liǎng gè, not 二个èr gè in this ordinary phrase. Use a measure word instead of directly copying English two apples.

Learn step by step · Practise and review.
4
任务四、五 · Weather, places and location
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このトピックがreligion教jiàoえること

day天tiānJapanese variant of 气気qìやlocation場所chǎng suǒについてdialect話huàをする：「to be / is是shì」をto make使shǐわないto describe形容xíng róng詞文cí wén、day天tiānJapanese variant of 气気qìの day-to-day日常rì chángでto make使shǐうJapanese variant of 单単dānto tell to語yǔ、そしてthing物wùがどこにあるかをwatch (timepiece)表biǎoす「at / in在zài」。

to describe形容xíng róng詞文cí wén

today今天jīn tiāndegree / adjective linker很hěnto warm up热rè。 (Jīntiān hěn rè.) — today今日jīn rìはとてもheat暑shǔい。

regular通常tōng chángのto describe形容xíng róng詞述語cí shù yǔには**「to be / is是shì」がdon't不要bú yàoである：today今天jīn tiānto be / is是shìdegree / adjective linker很hěnto warm up热rè ✗。to describe形容xíng róngword詞cíはverb動詞dòng cíのforced labor役yìto cut割gēをfruit果guǒたす。このパターンでは「degree / adjective linker很hěn」はJapanese variant of 单単dānにリズムをto support支zhīえることがmany多duōく、today今天jīn tiāndegree / adjective linker很hěnto warm up热rèはtoday今天jīn tiānto warm up热rèよりもnature自然zì ránにto hear聞wénこえる。 meaning意味yì wèiする「very非常fēi chángに」よりto force強qiángいsituation場合chǎng héでも、today今天jīn tiāndegree / adjective linker很hěnto warm up热rèのsquare方fāngがtoday今天jīn tiānto warm up热rèよりもnature自然zì ránにto hear聞wénこえる。 meaning意味yì wèiする「very非常fēi chángに」よりto force強qiángいsituation場合chǎng héでも、today今天jīn tiāndegree / adjective linker很hěnto warm up热rèのsquare方fāngがtoday今天jīn tiānto warm up热rè**よりもnature自然zì ránにto hear聞wénこえる。

day天tiānJapanese variant of 气気qìの言葉yán yèとgood好hǎoみ

cold冷lěng cold寒hánい・to warm up热rè heat暑shǔい・to rain下雨xià yǔ (literary) to rain雨yǔ・to snow下雪xià xuě snow雪xuě。日付rì fùをclear-cut明確míng quèにするためにtoday今天jīn tiān（today今日jīn rì）とtomorrow明天míng tiān（tomorrow明日míng rì）をto make使shǐう。 today今天jīn tiān（today今日jīn rì）とtomorrow明天míng tiān（tomorrow明日míng rì）。

I / me我wǒto like喜欢xǐ huanclear sky晴天qíng tiān。 (Wǒ xǐhuan qíngtiān.) — personal私sīはclear晴qíngれたsun日rìがgood好hǎoきだ。

good intention好意hǎo yì（I / me我wǒto like喜欢xǐ huan……）はday天tiānJapanese variant of 气気qì(literary) to give予yǔto announce報bào（today今天jīn tiāndegree / adjective linker很hěncold冷lěng）とはdifferent異yìなる—one はあなたのgood好hǎoみ、もうa party (in a contract or…一方yī fāngはempty / sky空kōngの状態zhuàng tàiである。 one はあなたのgood好hǎoみ、もうa party (in a contract or…一方yī fāngはempty / sky空kōngの状態zhuàng tàiである。

at / in在zài: thing物wùのlocation場所chǎng suǒ

school学校xué xiàoat / in在zàihere这里zhè lǐ。 (Xuéxiào zài zhèlǐ.) — school学校xué xiàoはこのlocation場所chǎng suǒにある。

at / in在zài はposition位置wèi zhìをto appoint指定zhǐ dìngする：person人rénまたはthing物wù ＋ at / in在zài ＋ location場所chǎng suǒ。場所名chǎng suǒ míngだけではdirection方向fāng xiàngをto show示shìさない— 文脈wén màiをJapanese variant of 读読dúむnecessary必要bì yàoがある。場所名chǎng suǒ míngだけではdirection方向fāng xiàngをto show示shìさない— 文脈wén màiをJapanese variant of 读読dúむnecessary必要bì yàoがある。

Try it. Answer two questions about your own day: 今天天气jīn tiān tiān qìhow about怎么样zěn me yàng？ and school学校xué xiàoat / in在zàiwhere哪里nǎ lǐ？

to take note of注意zhù yì

Do not insert to be / is是shì before an ordinary adjective predicate: degree / adjective linker很hěncold冷lěng ✓, to be / is是shìdegree / adjective linker很hěncold冷lěng ✗.

to go and return復fù(bound form) to practice習xí

Fix the error: today今天jīn tiānto be / is是shìdegree / adjective linker很hěncold冷lěng。

Name two weather words.

Which sentence states a preference?

Which word locates something?

(Answers: 1. today今天jīn tiāndegree / adjective linker很hěncold冷lěng — no to be / is是shì before the adjective. 2. cold冷lěng， to warm up热rè， to rain下雨xià yǔ， to snow下雪xià xuě — any two. 3. I / me我wǒto like喜欢xǐ huanclear sky晴天qíng tiān。 4. at / in在zài： school学校xué xiàoat / in在zàihere这里zhè lǐ。)
5
任务七、十五 · Meals and traditional foods
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Use the examples with their context and limits. Recall a sentence before reading the model. Original teaching additions accompany examples adapted from Chinese Grammar Wiki (AllSet Learning, CC BY-NC-SA); see the course reference provenance.

Choose food and a drink

Ask what someone wants to eat and drink.

Build the meaning

want / think / miss想xiǎngvariant of 吃吃chī says what someone would like to eat. at / in在zàivariant of 吃吃chī describes eating in progress. Compare I / me我wǒwant / think / miss想xiǎng吃饺子chī jiǎo zi and I / me我wǒat / in在zài吃饺子chī jiǎo zi.

Ask variant of 吃吃chīwhat什么shén me or to shout喝hēwhat什么shén me for the missing food or drink; reply with that information rather than a bare yes.

Useful words in context
- variant of 吃吃chī chī — eat. I / me我wǒwant / think / miss想xiǎngto have a meal吃饭chī fàn。
- to shout喝hē hē — drink. I / me我wǒ喝水hē shuǐ。
- dumpling饺子jiǎo zi jiǎozi — dumplings. I / me我wǒwant / think / miss想xiǎng吃饺子chī jiǎo zi。
- water水shuǐ shuǐ — water. 我要wǒ yào一杯yī bēiwater水shuǐ。
- want / think / miss想xiǎng xiǎng — would like to. you你nǐwant / think / miss想xiǎngvariant of 吃吃chīwhat什么shén me？
Read for meaning

Wang Li (1900-1986), one of…王力wáng lìwant / think / miss想xiǎng吃饺子chī jiǎo zi。林安想lín ān xiǎngvariant of 吃吃chī(cooked) rice米饭mǐ fàn。两个liǎng gèperson人rénall / both都dōu喝水hē shuǐ。they他们tā mennoon中午zhōng wǔat / in在zàischool学校xué xiàoto have a meal吃饭chī fàn。

Wang Li wants dumplings. Lin An wants rice. Both drink water. They eat at school at noon.

Listen to a different passage

Ask a partner to read this with the script closed. Use the online practice for browser playback.

I / me我wǒwant / think / miss想xiǎngvariant of 吃吃chī(cooked) rice米饭mǐ fàn，unexpectedly不想bù xiǎng吃饺子chī jiǎo zi。I / me我wǒto drink tea喝茶hē chá。

I want rice, not dumplings. I drink tea.

Speak and write

Ask a partner what they want to eat and drink. Repeat their choices to check you understood.

Write a lunch choice: one food and one drink. Then state the place you eat.

One speaking model: A: you你nǐwant / think / miss想xiǎngvariant of 吃吃chīwhat什么shén me？ B: I / me我wǒwant / think / miss想xiǎngvariant of 吃吃chī(cooked) rice米饭mǐ fàn。 A: to shout喝hēwhat什么shén me？ B: water水shuǐ。

One writing model: I / me我wǒwant / think / miss想xiǎng吃饺子chī jiǎo zi，喝水hē shuǐ。I / me我wǒat / in在zàischool学校xué xiàoto have a meal吃饭chī fàn。
- Name a food and a drink.
- Use want / think / miss想xiǎng for the choice.
- Give a place with at / in在zài.
Check the distinction: I / me我wǒwant / think / miss想xiǎngvariant of 吃吃chī means I want to eat, not I am eating now. Do not treat wanting and ongoing action as the same.

Learn step by step · Practise and review.

任务八 · Travel, destinations and simple directions

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このトピックがreligion教jiàoえること

to travel旅行lǚ xíng：to go去qù はOK / to walk行xíngくこと、to sit坐zuò はJapanese variant of 乘乗chéngること、そしてチケットがto answer答dáえる3つのto question質問zhì wèn — destination (location)目的地mù dì dì、to move移動yí dòngmethod手段shǒu duàn、(concept of) time時間shí jiān。

to go去qù と at / in在zài：OK / to walk行xíngく vs いる

I / me我wǒtomorrow明天míng tiānto go去qùShanghai municipality…上海shàng hǎi。 (Wǒ míngtiān qù Shànghǎi.) — personal私sīはtomorrow明日míng rìShanghai municipality…上海shàng hǎiにOK / to walk行xíngく。

to go去qù + destination (location)目的地mù dì dì = そこへOK / to walk行xíngく；at / in在zài + location場所chǎng suǒ = そこにいる。see 胡同同tóngじlocation場所chǎng suǒの言葉yán yè が at / in在zài のback後hòuにあるsituation場合chǎng héはnow現在xiàn zàiのlocation場所chǎng suǒを、to go去qù のback後hòuにあるsituation場合chǎng héはto move移動yí dòngのdestination (location)目的地mù dì dìをwatch (timepiece)表biǎoす。

to sit坐zuò：そこへJapanese variant of 乘乗chéngってto move移動yí dòngする

to sit坐zuòpublic transport vehicle公交车gōng jiāo chē (zuò gōngjiāochē) — バスにJapanese variant of 乘乗chéngる。 坐火车zuò huǒ chē (zuò huǒchē) — trolleybus電車diàn chēにJapanese variant of 乘乗chéngる。 old variant of 步歩bùくのは to walk走路zǒu lù (zǒulù) または to go on foot步行bù xíng (bùxíng)。

(concept of) time時間shí jiānはregular通常tōng cháng、operation行動xíng dòngのfront前qiánにto come来láiます：I / me我wǒtomorrow明天míng tiān八点bā diǎn坐火车zuò huǒ chēto go去qùShanghai municipality…上海shàng hǎi。 (Wǒ míngtiān bā diǎn zuò huǒchē qù Shànghǎi.) — tomorrow明日míng rìの8o'clock時shíにShanghai municipality…上海shàng hǎiへtrolleybus電車diàn chēでto move移動yí dòngします。one / a一yīつのlanguage文wénのto hit (the mark)中zhōngに、 4つのmatter事shìJapanese variant of 实実shíがto keep in the mouth含hánまれています：tomorrow明日míng rìは日付rì fù、8o'clock時shíはvariant of 出 (classifier…出chūJapanese variant of 发発fāo'clock時shíquarter (hour)刻kè、trolleybus電車diàn chēはto move移動yí dòngmethod手段shǒu duàn、 Shanghai municipality…上海shàng hǎiはdestination (location)目的地mù dì dìです。

チケットにvariant of 关関guānする3つのto question質問zhì wèn

to question質問zhì wèn	to search尋xúnねること	to avoid避bìけるべき誤答wù dá
to go去qùwhere哪里nǎ lǐ？ (qù nǎlǐ)	destination (location)目的地mù dì dì	Japanese variant of 乘乗chéngりthing物wùでto answer答dáえること
how / why怎么zěn meto go去qù？ (zěnme qù)	method手段shǒu duàn	city都市dū shìname名míngでto answer答dáえること
what time?几点jǐ diǎnto walk走zǒu？ (jǐ diǎn zǒu)	variant of 出 (classifier…出chūJapanese variant of 发発fāo'clock時shígap間jiān	のりばでto answer答dáえること

チケットにto print印刷yìn shuāされたnumeral数字shù zìはseat (at banquet)座席zuò xínumber of military unit番号fān hào、のりforeign (non-Chinese)番fān、または(concept of) time時間shí jiānをfinger指zhǐすことがあります。Japanese variant of 单単dānにnumeral数字shù zìをto appear見jiànず、ラベルもcertainly必bìずto confirm確認què rènしてください。

Japanese variant of 实実shíborder際jìにto test試shìしてみよう。 itself自身zì shēnのJapanese variant of 实実shíborder際jìのtrip旅lǚをone / a一yīつvariant of 说説shuōbright明míngしてください：I / me我wǒ……((concept of) time时间shí jiān) to sit坐zuò……to go去qù……。

to take note of注意zhù yì

at / in在zàiのback後hòuにJapanese variant of 续続xùく場所詞chǎng suǒ cíは「now現在xiàn zàiのposition位置wèi zhì」をwatch (timepiece)表biǎoし、to go去qùのback後hòuにJapanese variant of 续続xùくsituation場合chǎng hé、「to move移動yí dòngの early先xiān（destination (location)目的地mù dì dì）」をwatch (timepiece)表biǎoします。to place before前置qián zhìword詞cíがmeaning意味yì wèiをto decide (to do something)決定jué dìngします。

to go and return復fù(bound form) to practice習xí

「Japanese variant of 乘乗chéngる（Japanese variant of 乘乗chéngりthing物wù）」というmeaning意味yì wèiのverb動詞dòng cíはどれか？
to go去qùwhere哪里nǎ lǐ？はwhat何héをto search尋xúnねており、誤答wù dáはwhat何héか？
I / me我wǒtomorrow明天míng tiān八点bā diǎn坐火车zuò huǒ chēto go去qùShanghai municipality…上海shàng hǎi において、eight八bā はwhat何héをwatch (timepiece)表biǎoしているか？
at / in在zàiShanghai municipality…上海shàng hǎi と to go去qùShanghai municipality…上海shàng hǎi — そこにいることと、そこへOK / to walk行xíngくことのto disobey違wéiいは？

(to solve (a problem)解答jiě dá: 1. to sit坐zuò：坐火车zuò huǒ chē. 2. destination (location)目的地mù dì dì — 誤答wù dáはJapanese variant of 乘乗chéngりthing物wùの坐火车zuò huǒ chē. 3. variant of 出 (classifier…出chūJapanese variant of 发発fāo'clock時shíquarter (hour)刻kè。 4. at / in在zàiShanghai municipality…上海shàng hǎi はそこにいること； to go去qùShanghai municipality…上海shàng hǎi はそこへOK / to walk行xíngくこと。)

7
任务十、十一 · Needs, wellbeing and leisure
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このトピックがreligion教jiàoえること

ウェルビーイングと余暇yú xiá：体調tǐ diàoがJapanese variant of 恶悪èいことをto summon伝yúnえる、やりたいことをwords言yánう、そして2つの「can」「can」の言葉yán yè — can / will会huì はto learn習得xí déしたtechnical ability技能jì néng、can / be able to能néng はtoday今日jīn rìmaybe / possible可能kě néngであること。

体調tǐ diàoがJapanese variant of 恶悪èいことをto summon伝yúnえる

I / me我wǒnot不bùnot不bùcomfortable舒服shū fú。 (Wǒ bù shūfu.) — 体調tǐ diàoがexcellent優yōuれない。I / me我wǒwant / think / miss想xiǎngrest休息xiū xī。 (Wǒ xiǎng xiūxi.) — to rest休xiūみたい。

simple comfort: many多duōrest休息xiū xī。 (Duō xiūxi.) — たくさんto rest休xiūんで。これらはクラスでのロールプレイのためのto speak言語yán yǔto show表現biǎo xiànであり、medicine医学yī xué(modifier / structural particle)的deな診断zhěn duànや医療yī liáo助言zhù yánではない。これらのto show表現biǎo xiànは、medicine医学yī xué(modifier / structural particle)的deなconclusion結論jié lùnや医療yī liáo助言zhù yánではなく、クラスでのロールプレイのためのものです。

can / be able to能néng と can / will会huì：2kind種類zhǒng lèiの「can」

can / will会huì = to practice練習liàn xíによってto learn習得xí déしたtechnical ability技能jì néng。can / be able to能néng = 状況zhuàng kuàngがto allow許xǔすこと。

you你nǐcan / will会huìswimming游泳yóu yǒng(yes/no ?)吗ma？ (Nǐ huì yóuyǒng ma?) — swimming泳yǒngげる（swimming泳yǒngぎsquare方fāngをto know知zhīっている）？ you你nǐtoday今天jīn tiāncan / be able to能néngswimming游泳yóu yǒng(yes/no ?)吗ma？ (Nǐ jīntiān néng yóuyǒng ma?) — today今日jīn rìswimming泳yǒngげるか（now今jīnmaybe / possible可能kě néngか）？ maybe / possible可能kě néngか）？

see 胡同同tóngじ「swimming泳yǒngぐ」でもto question質問zhì wènがdifferent異yìなる：can / will会huì はtechnical ability技能jì néngについてto search尋xúnね、can / be able to能néng はtoday今日jīn rìについてto search尋xúnねる。

to desire欲求yù qiúとgood好hǎoみ

you你nǐwant / think / miss想xiǎngto make做zuòwhat什么shén me？ (Nǐ xiǎng zuò shénme?) — what何héをしたい？ I / me我wǒto like喜欢xǐ huanto read看书kàn shū。 (Wǒ xǐhuan kànshū.) — root本běnをJapanese variant of 读読dúむのがgood好hǎoきだ。

Try it. パートナーにJapanese variant of 两両liǎngsquare方fāngのswimming泳yǒngぐにvariant of 关関guānするto question質問zhì wènをto hear聞wénき、upright正直zhèng zhíにto answer答dáえよ。

to take note of注意zhù yì

symptom (of an illness)症状zhèng zhuàngについてのto speak言語yán yǔto practice練習liàn xíはillness病bìngJapanese variant of 气気qìの診断zhěn duànやto treat (an illness)治療zhì liáoのto push推tuīJapanese variant of 奖奨jiǎngをOK / to walk行xíngわない — many多duōrest休息xiū xī はロールプレイのためのto comfort慰wèiめであり、医療yī liáo助言zhù yánではない。これは医療yī liáo助言zhù yánではなく、forced labor役yìto cut割gēacting演技yǎn jìのためのto comfort安慰ān wèiである。

to go and return復fù(bound form) to practice習xí

どの「can」がto learn習得xí déしたtechnical ability技能jì néngについてto search尋xúnねますか？

today今日jīn rìswimming游泳yóu yǒngできますか？はwhat何héをto search尋xúnねていますか？

「体調tǐ diàoがexcellent優yōuれない」のwords言yánいto exchange換huànえはwhat何héですか？

many多duōrest休息xiū xī（よくto rest休xiūんでください）は医療yī liáo(bound form) up上shàngのアドバイスですか？

(to answer答dáえ: 1. can / will会huì — to practice練習liàn xíによってto learn習得xí déされるスキル。 2. today今日jīn rìのpossibility可能性kě néng xìng。 3. I / me我wǒnot不bùto stretch舒shū Taiwan pr.服fú。 4. いいえ — ロールプレイにおけるclassroom教室jiào shìでの快適kuài shìさです。)
8
任务十二—十四 · School, study and work routines
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Use the examples with their context and limits. Recall a sentence before reading the model. Original teaching additions accompany examples adapted from Chinese Grammar Wiki (AllSet Learning, CC BY-NC-SA); see the course reference provenance.

Read a timetable and say what exists

Find a lesson time and describe a school facility.

Build the meaning

to have / there is有yǒu states having or existence; its ordinary negative is not have / haven't没有méi yǒu. school学校xué xiàoto have / there is有yǒulibrary图书馆tú shū guǎn and school学校xué xiàonot have / haven't没有méi yǒuswimming pool游泳池yóu yǒng chí describe different facilities.

Chinese language中文zhōng wénsubject课kèwhat time?几点jǐ diǎnto start开始kāi shǐ asks when the Chinese lesson starts. Match the correct subject and time before answering.

Useful words in context
- Chinese language中文zhōng wénsubject课kè Zhōngwén kè — Chinese lesson. Chinese language中文zhōng wénsubject课kè九点jiǔ diǎnto start开始kāi shǐ。
- to start开始kāi shǐ kāishǐ — begin. 九点jiǔ diǎnto start开始kāi shǐ。
- to have / there is有yǒu yǒu — have / there is. school学校xué xiàoto have / there is有yǒulibrary图书馆tú shū guǎn。
- not have / haven't没有méi yǒu méiyǒu — do not have / there is no. school学校xué xiàonot have / haven't没有méi yǒuswimming pool游泳池yóu yǒng chí。
- library图书馆tú shū guǎn túshūguǎn — library. I / me我wǒto go去qùlibrary图书馆tú shū guǎn。
Read for meaning

Monday星期一xīng qī yī，Chinese language中文zhōng wénsubject课kè九点jiǔ diǎnto start开始kāi shǐ，数学课shù xué kè十点shí diǎnto start开始kāi shǐ。school学校xué xiàoto have / there is有yǒulibrary图书馆tú shū guǎn，not have / haven't没有méi yǒuswimming pool游泳池yóu yǒng chí。

On Monday, Chinese starts at nine and mathematics at ten. The school has a library but no swimming pool.

Listen to a different passage

Ask a partner to read this with the script closed. Use the online practice for browser playback.

Tuesday星期二xīng qī èr，Chinese language中文zhōng wénsubject课kè十点shí diǎnto start开始kāi shǐ。school学校xué xiàoto have / there is有yǒuswimming pool游泳池yóu yǒng chí。

On Tuesday, Chinese starts at ten. The school has a swimming pool.

Speak and write

Ask when a fictional Chinese class starts. Then ask about a library and reply with to have / there is有yǒu or not have / haven't没有méi yǒu.

Write a small timetable note and one sentence about a facility.

One speaking model: A: Chinese language中文zhōng wénsubject课kèwhat time?几点jǐ diǎnto start开始kāi shǐ？ B: 九点jiǔ diǎn。 A: school学校xué xiàoto have / there is有yǒulibrary图书馆tú shū guǎn(yes/no ?)吗ma？ B: to have / there is有yǒu。

One writing model: Wednesday星期三xīng qī sān，Chinese language中文zhōng wénsubject课kè十点shí diǎnto start开始kāi shǐ。school学校xué xiàoto have / there is有yǒulibrary图书馆tú shū guǎn。
- State the weekday and subject.
- State a clock time.
- Use to have / there is有yǒu or not have / haven't没有méi yǒu for the facility.
Check the distinction: Do not write 不有bù yǒu for this ordinary absence statement. not have / haven't没有méi yǒu can refer to a current situation.

Learn step by step · Practise and review.
9
听力与阅读 · Listen for the referent and read for the relationship
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学習プログラム間もなく公開
プリント
Use the examples with their context and limits. Recall a sentence before reading the model. Original teaching additions accompany examples adapted from Chinese Grammar Wiki (AllSet Learning, CC BY-NC-SA); see the course reference provenance.

Find details in a short notice

Distinguish people, quantities, places, and times in short messages.

Build the meaning

Read or listen first for the type of information: who, how many, where, or when. Familiar words alone do not guarantee the right detail.

table桌子zhuō zi(bound form) up上shàngto have / there is有yǒu两个liǎng gècup杯子bēi zi locates two cups on a table. (bound form) up上shàng follows the place noun; to have / there is有yǒu introduces what exists there.

Useful words in context
- table桌子zhuō zi zhuōzi — table. table桌子zhuō zi(bound form) up上shàngto have / there is有yǒubook书shū。
- (bound form) up上shàng shàng — on / above. table桌子zhuō zi(bound form) up上shàng。
- cup杯子bēi zi bēizi — cup. 两个liǎng gècup杯子bēi zi。
- book书shū shū — book. three三sān本书běn shū。
- root本běn běn — measure word for books. 两本书liǎng běn shū。
Read for meaning

table桌子zhuō zi(bound form) up上shàngto have / there is有yǒu两个liǎng gècup杯子bēi ziand / with和héthree三sān本书běn shū。林安lín ān(modifier / structural particle)的debook书shūat / in在zàischool学校xué xiào。Wang Li (1900-1986), one of…王力wáng lìafternoon下午xià wǔ三点sān diǎnto go去qùschool学校xué xiào。

There are two cups and three books on the table. Lin An’s book is at school. Wang Li goes to school at three in the afternoon.

Listen to a different passage

Ask a partner to read this with the script closed. Use the online practice for browser playback.

table桌子zhuō zi(bound form) up上shàngto have / there is有yǒu三个sān gècup杯子bēi zi，not have / haven't没有méi yǒubook书shū。

There are three cups on the table and no books.

Speak and write

Describe a fictional table with two cups and one book. Ask a partner how many cups they heard.

Write a new table description with different quantities. Ask one detail question about it.

One speaking model: A: table桌子zhuō zi(bound form) up上shàngto have / there is有yǒu两个liǎng gècup杯子bēi ziand / with和héone / a一yī本书běn shū。 B: a few几个jǐ gècup杯子bēi zi？ A: 两个liǎng gè。

One writing model: table桌子zhuō zi(bound form) up上shàngto have / there is有yǒu三个sān gècup杯子bēi ziand / with和hé两本书liǎng běn shū。a few几个jǐ gècup杯子bēi zi？
- State the place.
- Use (measure word)个gè with cups and root本běn with books.
- Ask a quantity question.
Check the distinction: If you read the transcript before answering, record that as supported reading, not unseen listening.

Learn step by step · Practise and review.

任务一、六 · Introductions, identity and polite exchanges

プリント

Meet a new classmate

Build the meaning

Useful words in context

Read for meaning

Listen to a different passage

Speak and write

任务二 · Dates, time and event information

プリント

Arrange a time to meet

Build the meaning

Useful words in context

Read for meaning

Listen to a different passage

Speak and write

任务三、九 · Objects, quantities and buying

プリント

Buy a small quantity

Build the meaning

Useful words in context

Read for meaning

Listen to a different passage

Speak and write

任务四、五 · Weather, places and location

プリント

このトピックがreligion教jiàoえること

to describe形容xíng róng詞文cí wén

day天tiānJapanese variant of 气気qìの言葉yán yèとgood好hǎoみ

at / in在zài: thing物wùのlocation場所chǎng suǒ

to take note of注意zhù yì

to go and return復fù(bound form) to practice習xí

任务七、十五 · Meals and traditional foods

プリント

Choose food and a drink

Build the meaning

Useful words in context

Read for meaning

Listen to a different passage

Speak and write

任务八 · Travel, destinations and simple directions

プリント

このトピックがreligion教jiàoえること

to go去qù と at / in在zài：OK / to walk行xíngく vs いる

to sit坐zuò：そこへJapanese variant of 乘乗chéngってto move移動yí dòngする

チケットにvariant of 关関guānする3つのto question質問zhì wèn

to take note of注意zhù yì

to go and return復fù(bound form) to practice習xí

任务十、十一 · Needs, wellbeing and leisure

プリント

このトピックがreligion教jiàoえること

体調tǐ diàoがJapanese variant of 恶悪èいことをto summon伝yúnえる

can / be able to能néng と can / will会huì：2kind種類zhǒng lèiの「can」

to desire欲求yù qiúとgood好hǎoみ

to take note of注意zhù yì

to go and return復fù(bound form) to practice習xí

任务十二—十四 · School, study and work routines

プリント

Read a timetable and say what exists

Build the meaning

Useful words in context

Read for meaning

Listen to a different passage

Speak and write

听力与阅读 · Listen for the referent and read for the relationship

プリント

Find details in a short notice

Build the meaning

Useful words in context

Read for meaning

Listen to a different passage

Speak and write