this, that, these, those

Menunjuk pada benda

• Kami menggunakan this, that, these, those untuk menunjuk pada benda.
• Dekat atau jauh? Satu benda atau banyak?
• This pen is mine. Those cars are fast.

This is my pen. That is your pen. Please do not take this one.

this dan that (satu benda)

• this = satu benda dekat saya.
• that = satu benda jauh dari saya.
• This is my phone. That is your car.

these dan those (banyak benda)

• these = benda dekat saya. those = benda jauh dari saya.
• These are my books. Those are her friends.
• Mereka memerlukan kata benda jamak: these books.

dengan kata benda

• Mereka juga bisa diletakkan sebelum kata benda: this book, those people.
• I like this song. Look at those birds.

Kesalahan umum

• ❌ these book → ✓ these books — kata benda jamak setelah these / those.
• ❌ This books are mine. → ✓ These books are mine.
• Di telepon, katakan: ✓ This is Tom. (bukan I am Tom)