Development, inequality and the state
Diperkenalkan| English | Makna |
|---|---|
| development/dɪˈveləpmənt/ | pembangunan |
| inequality/ɪniːˈkwɒlɪti/ | ketidaksetaraan |
A decision you can investigate
- An economy exports more minerals, yet local health and schooling remain poor.
- Higher output is not sufficient evidence of broad development 发展.
Build the explanation
- Absolute poverty concerns inability to meet basic needs; relative poverty compares resources with a society's normal standard.
- Development includes capabilities, health, education and living conditions as well as real income.
Match the terms to their precise meanings.
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Use these definitions in the particular context of Development, inequality and the state.
Work through the evidence
- A rural road can lower transport costs and connect producers to buyers. Health services can improve workers' capabilities.
- Compare the projects using local bottlenecks, distribution, environmental effects and opportunity cost, rather than GDP alone.
Which evidence best supports a claim of wider development?
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A rural road can lower transport costs and connect producers to buyers. Health services can improve workers' capabilities. Compare the projects using local bottlenecks, distribution, environmental effects and opportunity cost, rather than GDP alone.
Test the limits
- Aid may support capacity or create dependency; debt relief frees resources only if spending and institutions use them well.
- Use several indicators and recognise inequality 不平等 hidden by national averages.
Which caution belongs to this particular task?
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Aid may support capacity or create dependency; debt relief frees resources only if spending and institutions use them well. Use several indicators and recognise inequality hidden by national averages.
This one Development, inequality and the state case settles the question for every setting.
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Use several indicators and recognise inequality hidden by national averages.
Apply and explain your answer
- Which evidence best supports a claim of wider development?
- Improved health and education alongside real income gains, with attention to who benefits.
Choose the two statements supported by this lesson.
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The concept and worked evidence support these claims; the stated limits rule out the universal shortcut.
Use the terms precisely
- development: Improvement in people's capabilities and living conditions.
- inequality: Unequal distribution of income, wealth or opportunities.
A rural road can lower transport costs and connect producers to buyers. Health services can improve workers' capabilities. Compare the projects using local bottlenecks, distribution, environmental effects and opportunity cost, rather than GDP alone.
Aid may support capacity or create dependency; debt relief frees resources only if spending and institutions use them well. Use several indicators and recognise inequality hidden by national averages.
Absolute poverty concerns inability to meet basic needs; relative poverty compares resources with a society's normal standard.
Write from a road and a clinic
- A road and a clinic each cost 30 from the same budget. Mineral exports rise by 12.
- The export rise does not show who receives care or whether the road harms a wetland.
A road and a clinic each cost 30, and only one can be built. Mineral exports rise by 12. What is the opportunity cost of the road, and why is the export rise not enough to choose it?
Opportunity cost is the next project the same budget cannot fund. An export total does not measure that loss.
What is the opportunity cost of building the road?
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The same budget cannot fund the clinic as well. The export change is a different fact.