Kata benda

• 4 Kata benda

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  4.1

  本 + 名词 — "this, one's own"

  In formal written Chinese, root本běn means "this (very) / one's own" — always the speaker's own side. It pairs with single-syllable nouns (person人rén, (bound form) school校xiào, market市shì, country国guó, week周zhōu, moon月yuè, grain年nián, next in sequence次cì) and a few two-syllable ones (company公司gōng sī, to organize组织zǔ zhī). I本人běn rén = "I, myself" (common on résumés).

  Struktur: 本 + Noun

  customer-first顾客至上gù kè zhì shàngis是shìour本běncompany's公司gōng sī的deethos理念lǐ niàn。

  "Customer first" is our company's ethos.

  this本běnschool校xiàodoesn't不bùallow允许yǔn xǔoutside外校wài xiàostudents学生xué shēngto freely随便suí biàncome and go进出jìn chū。

  This school doesn't allow outside students to come and go freely.

  Remember: root本běn = "this very / our own (side)" — the voice of notices and officialese: root本běncompany公司gōng sī ("our company"), 本校běn xiào ("this school"), I本人běn rén ("I, myself"). It always speaks from the in-group.

  Hati-hati

  • It's self-referential and formal — for a plain "this," use this这zhè.

  4.2

  词 + 性 — "-ness, -ity" (a quality)

  The suffix nature性xìng turns a word into an abstract quality — "-ness, -ity, -ability" (also "-ic"). Like to make into化huà, it's a productive suffix: possibility可能性kě néng xìng, importance重要性zhòng yào xìng, 科学性kē xué xìng, feasibility可行性kě xíng xìng.

  Struktur: Word + 性

  this这个zhè geplan方案fāng ànhas no没有méi yǒufeasibility可行性kě xíng xìng。

  This plan isn't feasible.

  your你nǐ的dework作品zuò pǐnmore and more越来越yuè lái yuèhas有yǒucreativity创造性chuàng zào xìng。

  Your work is more and more creative.

  Remember: nature性xìng = "-ness / -ity" — turns a word into an abstract quality: possibility可能性kě néng xìng (possibility), importance重要性zhòng yào xìng (importance), feasibility可行性kě xíng xìng (feasibility), creativeness创造性chuàng zào xìng (creativity). It's the noun-making sibling of the verb-making to make into化huà.

  Hati-hati

  • It builds a noun of quality — pair it with to have / there is有yǒu / not have / haven't没有méi yǒu (to have / there is有yǒufeasibility可行性kě xíng xìng), not used like an adjective.

Semua topik · Tata Bahasa HSK 6