Anaerobic respiration
مُقدَّم| English | المعنى |
|---|---|
| anaerobic respiration/ˌæneəˈrəʊbɪk ˌrespɪˈreɪʃn/ | التنفس اللاهوائي |
| lactic acid/ˈlæktɪk ˈæsɪd/ | حمض اللاكتيك |
| fermentation/fɜːmənˈteɪʃn/ | تخمر |
| oxygen debt/ˈɒksɪdʒn det/ | ديون الأكسجين |
Respiration without enough oxygen
- During hard exercise, muscles need energy faster than oxygen can be delivered.
- They switch to anaerobic respiration 无氧呼吸 — releasing energy without oxygen.
Anaerobic respiration in human muscles produces:
الصعوبة 1/5 · 100 عملة + مكافأة صغيرة عند الإكمال الأول اليوم
Glucose → lactic acid in muscles.
Compared with aerobic respiration, anaerobic respiration releases:
الصعوبة 1/5 · 100 عملة + مكافأة صغيرة عند الإكمال الأول اليوم
Anaerobic respiration is much less efficient.
In muscles
- In animals: glucose → lactic acid 乳酸 (+ a little energy).
- It releases less energy than aerobic respiration and produces lactic acid, which causes fatigue.
A hard sprint relies on anaerobic respiration, building lactic acid
التنفس اللاهوائي
Without oxygen, glucose is only partly broken down — far less energy, and a different waste product.
Anaerobic respiration in yeast produces:
الصعوبة 1/5 · 100 عملة + مكافأة صغيرة عند الإكمال الأول اليوم
Yeast fermentation gives alcohol + CO₂.
Anaerobic respiration in yeast, used in baking and brewing, is called ______.
الصعوبة 1/5 · 100 عملة + مكافأة صغيرة عند الإكمال الأول اليوم
Fermentation produces CO₂ (bread) and ethanol (drinks).
In yeast (fermentation 发酵)
- In yeast: glucose → alcohol + carbon dioxide (+ energy).
- This fermentation is used to make bread (the CO₂) and alcoholic drinks (the ethanol).
Lactic acid from anaerobic respiration is broken down later, using extra oxygen
After hard exercise, breathing returns to normal at once because no extra oxygen is needed.
الصعوبة 1/5 · 100 عملة + مكافأة صغيرة عند الإكمال الأول اليوم
False. Extra oxygen is needed to break down the lactic acid built up during anaerobic respiration (the oxygen debt), so you keep breathing hard after stopping.
Oxygen debt 氧债
- The lactic acid built up must later be broken down using oxygen — the oxygen debt.
- This is why you keep breathing hard after exercise stops.
After exercise, oxygen uptake stays high to break down the lactic acid — repaying the oxygen debt.
Anaerobic respiration releases far less energy. It's a fast, short-term backup — but it produces lactic acid and gives little energy per glucose. Aerobic respiration is far more efficient.
You've got it
- anaerobic respiration releases energy without oxygen (and less of it)
- in muscles: glucose → lactic acid; in yeast: glucose → alcohol + carbon dioxide
- lactic acid creates an oxygen debt, repaid by breathing hard after exercise
Write from lactic acid and alcohol
- A human muscle is working hard with too little oxygen.
- Yeast is kept without oxygen and still releases some energy.
What does each organism make, and how does the energy compare with aerobic respiration?
The anaerobic products depend on the organism.
What does yeast produce in anaerobic respiration?
الصعوبة 1/5 · 100 عملة + مكافأة صغيرة عند الإكمال الأول اليوم
Yeast fermentation makes alcohol and carbon dioxide.