Standard English Conventions · 标准英语规范
| English | 中文 | Pinyin · 拼音 |
|---|---|---|
| clause/klɔːz/ | 分句 | fēn jù |
| modifier/ˈmɒdɪfaɪə/ | 修饰语 | xiū shì yǔ |
A decision before an answer
- “The results were clear, the team repeated the test.” Both halves are complete. A comma alone cannot join them.
- Your goal: Use sentence boundaries and punctuation.
答案前的判断
- “结果很明确，团队重复了测试。”两个部分都是完整的句子。仅用逗号无法将它们连接在一起。
- 你的目标：利用句子边界和标点符号。
Read the relationship
- Find the finite verb and subject in each clause. A dependent clause cannot stand alone as a full sentence.
- Maintain subject–verb agreement and pronoun clarity.
阅读关系
- 找出每个分句中的有限动词和主语。从属分句不能单独作为完整句子存在。
- 保持主谓一致和代词清晰。
Choose the correct boundary: “The trial ended __ the team published its results.”
Both parts are independent clauses.
Use the defining rule
- Join two complete clauses with a full stop, semicolon, or comma plus a coordinating conjunction.
- Choose verb forms and modifiers fitting context.
运用定义规则
- 用句号、分号或逗号加并列连词连接两个完整的分句。
- 选择适合上下文的动词形式和修饰语。
“The box of tools ____ heavy.”
Box is singular; of tools does not change its number.
Check the conditions
- A colon follows a complete clause. A semicolon joins complete clauses. Keep essential modifiers attached to what they describe.
- Choose verb forms and modifiers fitting context.
The sensor failed; the team replaced it. Each side has a subject and verb, so a semicolon works. “Because the sensor failed; the team replaced it” is wrong: because makes the first part dependent.
检查条件
- 冒号后接一个完整的分句。分号连接两个完整的分句。将必要的修饰语保留在其描述的对象旁。
- 选择适合上下文的动词形式和修饰语。
传感器故障；团队更换了它。两边都有主语和谓语，因此可以使用分号。“因为传感器故障；团队更换了它”是错误的：because使前半部分成为从属结构。
Join two complete related clauses with a ____.
A semicolon can separate independent clauses without a conjunction.
Apply the task format
- Check the head noun for agreement. “The list of measurements is long”: list, not measurements, controls is.
- Choose verb forms and modifiers fitting context.
Long noun phrases hide the subject. Do not choose a verb merely to match the nearest noun.
应用题目格式
- 检查中心名词以确认一致性。“测量数据列表很长”：list是中心词，而非measurements，所以应使用is。
- 选择适合上下文的动词形式和修饰语。
冗长的名词短语会隐藏真正的主语。不要仅仅为了匹配最近的名词而选择动词。
Which answer fits this case?
Use sentence boundaries and punctuation
A colon can follow any introductory word or fragment.
In this tested convention it normally follows an independent clause.
Keep the distinctions
- clause 分句 — A group of words with a subject and a verb.
- modifier 修饰语 — A phrase describing another word.
- Use sentence boundaries and punctuation.
- Maintain subject–verb agreement and pronoun clarity.
- Choose verb forms and modifiers fitting context.
保持区别
- clause 分句 — 包含主语和谓语的一组单词。
- modifier 修饰语 — 用来描述另一个词的短语。
- 使用句界和标点符号。
- 保持主谓一致和代词清晰。
- 选择适合上下文的动词形式和修饰语。
Match each term with its precise meaning in this lesson.
Keep the distinctions stated in the teaching example.
Put this lesson’s reasoning or event sequence in order.
The order follows the stated process; check each stage before the next.