How identity is made · 身份是怎样形成的
| English | 中文 | Pinyin · 拼音 |
|---|---|---|
| roles/rəʊlz/ | 角色 | jué sè |
| identity/aɪˈdentɪti/ | 身份认同 | shēn fèn rèn tóng |
| personal identity/ˈpɜːsənl aɪˈdentɪti/ | 个人身份 | gè rén shēn fèn |
| social identity/ˈsəʊʃl aɪˈdentɪti/ | 社会身份 | shè huì shēn fèn |
| socialisation/ˌsəʊʃəlaɪˈzeɪʃn/ | 社会化 | shè huì huà |
| role conflict/rəʊl ˈkɒnflɪkt/ | 角色冲突 | jué sè chōng tū |
Two roles ask for the same evening
- A fictional student has a team match and a family dinner at the same time. Both expectations matter, but attending both may be impossible.
- Identity 身份认同 includes several sources. Personal identity 个人身份 concerns individuality; social identity 社会身份 concerns group membership and its meaning.
Match each kind of identity to what it covers. · 把每种身份与它所涵盖的内容配对。
Which one is in the foreground changes with the situation, and noticing that shift is the skill. · 哪一种在前台会随情境变化,而察觉这种切换正是要练的能力。
Describe learning in context
- Socialisation 社会化 involves learning norms and expectations. Primary socialisation commonly begins in early care settings; secondary socialisation includes later settings such as school and work.
- These experiences can overlap, reinforce or challenge each other. Neither kind is always invisible, simple or identical for everyone.
Why can early socialisation be difficult to notice?
It can shape familiar expectations that feel natural. It is not always invisible or identical for everyone.
Separate a position from its expectations
- Roles 角色 carry expectations associated with positions. Role conflict 角色冲突 involves incompatible expectations across roles, such as teammate and family member.
- One role can also involve conflicting expectations. Describe who expects what instead of assuming every student, daughter or teammate must behave in a fixed way.
A student has a match and a family dinner at the same time. What is this? · 一个学生的比赛和家庭聚餐撞在同一时间,这是什么?
Two roles making incompatible demands on the same person at the same time. · 两个角色在同一时间对同一个人提出无法兼顾的要求。
Use evidence without stereotyping
- Different behaviour in class and training can reflect different demands. It does not alone prove a completely different identity or an unchanging personality.
- Group membership does not determine an individual action. Ask about the person’s account, setting and relevant evidence.
A student behaving very differently in class and at training shows they are inconsistent. · 一个学生在课堂和训练场表现迥异,说明他前后不一。
Behaviour can differ with expectations and circumstances. The observation alone does not prove a fixed identity or inconsistency.
A student misses a match to attend a confirmed family event. What should an account identify first?
Describe the concrete clash and response. A group stereotype does not explain the particular decision.
Make the next decision visible
- The student can discuss the clash and record an agreed arrangement. A suggested compromise is not an agreement until the people involved confirm it.
- Connect membership, expectation, conflict and response. Describe the observed event without using a group label as a complete cause.
Connect membership, expectation, conflict and response. Describe the observed event without using a group label as a complete cause.
In one sentence, say why "he did that because he is a teenager" is a weak explanation. · 用一句话说明:为什么"他这么做是因为他是青少年"是个薄弱的解释。
Example: a group label alone does not identify the mechanism or evidence explaining this person’s action.