Three ways to read · 三种读法
| English | 中文 | Pinyin · 拼音 |
|---|---|---|
| skimming/ˈskɪmɪŋ/ | 略读 | lüè dú |
| scanning/ˈskænɪŋ/ | 查读 | chá dú |
| close reading/kləʊs ˈriːdɪŋ/ | 精读 | jīng dú |
| topic sentence/ˈtɒpɪk ˈsentəns/ | 主题句 | zhǔ tí jù |
Read the action, not just the date
- A draft-feedback message gives Monday as the booking deadline and Wednesday as the session. Copying a date without its action can send a classmate to the wrong event.
- Identify who the message addresses, what it offers and what remains conditional. These are reading skills, not a guarantee of an official score.
关注行动，而非仅看日期
- 一份草稿反馈信息将周一列为预订截止日期，周三列为活动时间。若只复制日期而忽略具体行动，可能导致同学参加错误的活动。
- 识别该信息针对的对象、提供的内容以及哪些内容仍属条件性条款。这些是阅读技巧，并非获得官方分数的保证。
Choose a reading technique
- Skimming 略读 gives an initial overview from headings and selected sentences. Scanning 查读 locates a target detail, such as a booking time.
- Close reading 精读 checks exact meaning in the relevant passage. After finding a time, read nearby words to establish whether it is a deadline or a departure.
选择一种阅读技巧
- 略读 从标题和精选句子中获取初步概览。查读 用于定位目标细节，例如预订时间。
- 精读 检查相关段落中的确切含义。找到时间后，需阅读附近文字以确认其究竟是截止日期还是出发时间。
You need the year a study was published, and nothing else. Which technique? · 你只需要某项研究的发表年份,别的都不要。用哪种技巧?
Scanning locates a target detail such as a publication year. Read nearby wording to confirm what the year refers to. · 扫描定位目标细节（如出版年份）。阅读附近文字以确认该年份所指内容。
Which parts can help you obtain an initial overview while skimming? Choose all that apply. · 略读时哪些部分有助于获取初步概览？请选择所有适用项。
Titles and selected opening, ending or paragraph sentences can provide an overview. They need not reveal every qualification, so read important passages closely afterwards. · 标题及选定的开头、结尾或段落句可提供概览。它们未必揭示所有限定条件，因此后续需仔细阅读重要段落。
Main point and structure
- A topic sentence 主题句 states a paragraph’s main point, often near the beginning but sometimes elsewhere. Supporting details can help you infer the point when it is implicit.
- Skimming several paragraphs can suggest the article’s structure. Confirm important relationships by reading the actual text; topic sentences alone do not reveal every qualification.
中心思想与结构
- 主题句 陈述段落的中心思想，通常位于开头，有时也在其他位置。支持性细节有助于在中心思想隐含时进行推断。
- 略读多个段落可推测文章结构。通过阅读原文确认重要关系；仅靠主题句无法揭示所有限定条件。
Link the condition accurately
- “If you have not booked, you may request a walk-in slot, although availability is not guaranteed” preserves both the condition and the limitation.
- Because introduces a reason, although a concession and if a condition. A grammatical connector can still express a relationship the source does not support.
准确关联条件
- “如果您尚未预订，可申请现场名额，但不保证有名额”既保留了条件也保留了局限性。
- because 引出原因，although 表示让步，if 表示条件。语法连接词表达的语义关系可能与原文不一致。
Topic sentences can suggest an article’s structure, but important qualifications may require closer reading. · 主题句可暗示文章结构，但重要限定条件可能需要更细致阅读。
Topic sentences offer an initial map, not a complete substitute for the supporting text. · 主题句提供初步导航图，但不能完全替代支撑性正文。
You have one hour and six sources. Put the plan in order. · 你有一小时和六份材料。把计划排序。
For this source-based report, first assess relevance, locate needed details, read important passages closely and record the source. Citation details are needed for borrowed ideas as well as quotations. · 对于此基于来源的报告，首先评估相关性，定位所需细节，仔细阅读重要段落并记录来源。借用观点及引文均需注明引用详情。
Plan and verify your reading
- For a source-based report, first check which sources address the question, locate relevant details, then read important passages closely. Keep citation details with borrowed wording and ideas.
- Decide whether an unfamiliar word changes the required answer. Context may help; use a dictionary promptly when an essential word remains unclear rather than following a fixed rule never to look it up.
Choose a reading technique for the question, then check the exact action, condition and source details.
规划并验证您的阅读
- 对于基于文献的报告，首先检查哪些资料涉及该问题，定位相关细节，然后仔细研读重要段落。保留引用细节及所借用词汇和观点的出处。
- 判断生词是否改变所需答案。语境可能有所帮助；当关键单词仍不明确时，应及时查阅词典，而不是遵循“永远不要查生词”的固定规则。
为题目选择一种阅读技巧，然后核实确切的行动、条件和资料来源细节。
An unfamiliar word does not affect your current answer, and context may explain it later in the paragraph. What is a useful next step? · 生词不影响当前答案，语境可能在段落后半部分解释它。下一步有用做法是什么？
In this situation, mark the word and finish the paragraph before deciding whether a lookup is needed. An essential unclear word may need a prompt dictionary check. · 在此情境下，标记该词并完成段落，再决定是否查词。若关键不清的词可能影响理解，则需及时查词典。