Ethics, law and staying safe · 道德、法律与自我保护
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English
Power with responsibility
- You now know how attacks work. With that knowledge comes a duty to act ethically.
- A computing professional uses these skills to protect people, never to harm them.
- Acting unethically — accessing data you should not, or breaking systems — damages people and your own career.
中文
能力越大,责任越大
- 现在你已经懂得攻击是如何发生的。伴随这份知识而来的,是合乎道德地行事的责任。
- 计算专业人士用这些技能去保护他人,而绝不用来伤害他人。
- 不道德地行事 —— 访问你本不该访问的数据,或破坏系统 —— 会伤害他人,也会毁掉你自己的职业生涯。
English
The law
- Computer-misuse laws make unauthorised access a crime — even "just looking" can be illegal.
- Data-protection laws (like GDPR) force organisations to keep your personal data safe and use it fairly.
- Copyright protects creative work; you may not copy software or media without permission.
中文
法律
- 计算机滥用法把未经授权的访问定为犯罪 —— 即使“只是看看”也可能违法。
- 数据保护法(如 GDPR)强制机构妥善保管你的个人数据,并公平地使用它。
- 版权保护创作成果;未经许可,你不得复制软件或媒体内容。
English
Licences
- Software comes with a licence saying what you may do with it.
- Proprietary licences restrict copying and sharing; open-source licences allow you to use and modify the code.
- Always check the licence before reusing someone's code or images — respecting it is both legal and ethical.
中文
许可证
- 软件附带一份许可证(licence),说明你可以拿它做什么。
- 专有许可证限制复制和分享;开源许可证则允许你使用并修改代码。
- 重用别人的代码或图片前,务必查看许可证 —— 尊重它,既合法也合乎道德。
English
Staying safe — your checklist
- Use a password manager and a different strong password everywhere.
- Turn on two-step verification. Keep software updated. Look for HTTPS before logging in.
- Think before you click. You have the knowledge now — use it to keep yourself and others safe. Well done!
Covers: A-Level 7.1 (ethics, copyright, licensing), AP CSP; everyday safe computing.
中文
保护自己 —— 你的清单
- 使用密码管理器,并在每个地方用不同的强密码。
- 开启两步验证。让软件保持更新。登录前先确认有 HTTPS。
- 点击前先想一想。现在你已经具备了这份知识 —— 用它来守护自己,也守护他人。做得好!
涵盖:A-Level 7.1(道德、版权、许可),AP CSP;日常安全计算。
English
Now you try
- First decide what each licence allows — proprietary or open-source.
- Then decide which law each incident breaks. That is the exam skill for this topic.
中文
现在你来试
- 先判断每种许可证允许什么 —— 是专有还是开源。
- 然后判断每起事件违反了哪部法律。这正是这一考点要求的技能。
English
Common mistakes
- Only test systems you have permission to test.
- Keep software updated and think before you click.
中文
常见错误
- 只测试你有权限测试的系统。
- 保持软件更新,点击前先思考。
What does each licence allow? Set each variable to open-source or · 或 proprietary. · 每种许可证允许什么?把每个变量设为 open-source 或 proprietary。
Click Run to see the output here. · 点击“运行”查看此处输出。
Which law does each incident break? Set each variable to computer misuse, data protection or · 或 copyright. · 每起事件违反了哪部法律?把每个变量设为 computer misuse、data protection 或 copyright。
Click Run to see the output here. · 点击“运行”查看此处输出。