Security, privacy and integrity · 安全、隐私与完整性
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English
Three words that sound alike
- People mix up security, privacy, and integrity, but they mean different things.
- Knowing the difference is a favourite exam question — and it makes the rest of the course clearer.
中文
三个听起来很像的词
- 人们常把安全(security)、**隐私(privacy)和完整性(integrity)**搞混,但它们含义不同。
- 弄清区别是考试的常考点 —— 也会让本课程后面的内容更清晰。
English
What each one means
- Security — keeping data and systems safe from people who should not have access.
- Privacy — your right to control who sees your personal data.
- Integrity — the data is accurate and complete, and has not been changed by accident or attack.
中文
各自的含义
- 安全 —— 让数据和系统免受不该拥有访问权限者的侵害。
- 隐私 —— 你的权利,即由你来控制谁可以看到你的个人数据。
- 完整性 —— 数据是准确而完整的,没有因意外或攻击而被改动。
English
A quick example
- A hospital stores patient records.
- Security: locks and passwords stop outsiders getting in.
- Privacy: only the patient's own doctor may look at their record.
- Integrity: a blood-type value must never be altered or corrupted — a wrong value could be deadly.
中文
一个简单的例子
- 一家医院存储着病人的病历。
- 安全: 用锁和密码阻止外人进入。
- 隐私: 只有病人自己的医生才可以查看其病历。
- 完整性: 血型这个值绝不能被篡改或损坏 —— 错误的值可能致命。
English
Protect the system and the data
- You must protect both the computer system (so it keeps working) and the data (so it stays correct and secret).
- A threat to either is a threat to all three goals of the CIA triad.
Covers: A-Level 6.1 (Data Security), IGCSE 5.3.
中文
既要保护系统,也要保护数据
- 你必须同时保护计算机系统(让它持续运转)和数据(让它保持正确且保密)。
- 对其中任何一方的威胁,都是对 CIA 三要素全部三个目标的威胁。
涵盖:A-Level 6.1(数据安全)、IGCSE 5.3。
English
Now you try
- Two short tasks below: first label three real events with the right word — security, privacy or integrity.
- Then act as a backup checker: compare a stored record with the original and report whether it changed.
中文
现在你来试
- 下面有两个小任务:先给三个真实事件贴上正确的标签 —— 安全、隐私还是完整性。
- 然后扮演备份检查器:把存储的记录与原件比较,报告它是否被改动。
English
Common mistakes
- Keep the three ideas separate: security (safe), privacy (who may see it), integrity (correct).
- Encryption protects confidentiality, not integrity.
中文
常见错误
- 把三个概念分清:安全(防入侵)、隐私(谁能看)、完整性(正确)。
- 加密保护机密性,而不是完整性。
Explore · 探索
The CIA triad · CIA 三要素
Security rests on three goals: Confidentiality, Integrity, Availability. · 安全建立在三个目标上:机密性、完整性、可用性。
Label each event with the right word: security, privacy or · 或 integrity. Set the three variables to the matching word. · 给每个事件贴上正确的标签:security、privacy 还是 integrity。把三个变量设为对应的词。
Click Run to see the output here. · 点击“运行”查看此处输出。
Be the backup checker. Compare the received record with the original and print CHANGED if they differ, otherwise INTACT. · 扮演备份检查器。把 received 记录和 original 比较:不一致就打印 CHANGED,否则打印 INTACT。
Click Run to see the output here. · 点击“运行”查看此处输出。