Individual performance choices and analysis
International Baccalaureate · IB Diploma · Literature and Performance · SL Topic 3 2:46 English narration · English + 中文 subtitles burned in
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Transcript
In Act 2 of Macbeth, Macbeth is alone at night, about to murder King Duncan.
《麦克白》第二幕，麦克白深夜独处，正要去谋杀邓肯国王。
Suddenly he sees a dagger in the air: is this a dagger which I see before me?
突然，他看见一把匕首悬在空中：“我眼前看见的是一把匕首吗？”
A few lines later he calls it a dagger of the mind, a false creation.
几行之后，他称之为“心中的匕首，虚妄的幻象”。
Every production must decide: does the audience see the dagger too?
每一次演出都必须决定：观众也看得见这把匕首吗？
The written assignment is an essay of no more than two thousand words: twenty-six marks, thirty per cent.
书面作业是一篇不超过两千词的论文：26 分，占 30%。
You examine an extract from a play you explored through performance, and analyse how your own choices staged its dramatic features.
你审视一部通过表演探索过的戏剧中的节选，分析你自己的选择如何把它的戏剧特征搬上舞台。
The dagger scene is a soliloquy: Macbeth alone, the audience hearing his mind.
匕首这场戏是独白：麦克白独自一人，观众听见他的内心。
Shakespeare gives few stage directions; the actions are inside the lines: come, let me clutch thee.
莎士比亚很少写舞台说明，动作就在台词里：“来，让我抓住你。”
There is dramatic irony, conflict between the crown and his conscience, and a structure that builds.
这里有戏剧反讽，有王冠与良心之间的冲突，还有层层推进的结构。
The scene builds.
这场戏层层推进。
First questions he cannot answer; then commands to himself; then a bell rings, and he goes to the murder.
先是他无法回答的问题；然后是对自己下的命令；最后钟声响起，他走去行凶。
A real knife on a wire says the dagger is real, perhaps supernatural.
吊在钢丝上的真匕首表示它是真的，或许是超自然的。
A line of light leaves it between real and imagined.
一道光线让它处于真实与想象之间。
Or nothing at all: then the dagger exists only in his mind, and in the audience's.
或者什么都没有：那么匕首只存在于他的心中，也存在于观众心中。
Three steps.
三步。
The feature: Macbeth asks questions he cannot answer.
特征：麦克白问出他无法回答的问题。
The choice: I played the speech with no dagger on stage, my hand reaching into empty air.
选择：我在台上不放匕首，只把手伸向空中来演这段独白。
The effect: the audience had to believe in the dagger through my eyes and hand, as Macbeth does.
效果：观众只能通过我的眼睛和手去相信这把匕首，就像麦克白一样。
Back up every effect with evidence.
每个效果都要有证据支撑。
A classmate said the empty hand was more frightening than a prop.
一位同学说，空着的手比道具更可怕。
An audience response, or a change you made in rehearsal, shows the effect was real.
观众的反应，或你在排练中作出的改动，都能证明效果确实存在。
Plan about two hundred words for the introduction; about fourteen hundred for two or three choices, each with feature, choice and effect; and about four hundred for evaluation: which choices worked, what you would change, and what performing showed you that reading did not.
引言约 200 词；两三个选择约 1,400 词，每个都写特征、选择和效果；评价约 400 词：哪些选择奏效、你会改什么、表演让你看到了哪些阅读看不到的东西。
Write about your own choices, even when you performed in a group: what you, as one performer, did with your voice, your body and the space.
写你自己的选择，即使是小组演出：作为一名表演者，你如何运用自己的声音、身体和空间。
Common mistakes: describing the performance without analysing it; analysing the text without the performance; long plot summary; and claiming an effect without evidence.
常见错误：只描述表演而不分析；只分析文本而不谈表演；大段复述情节；声称有某种效果却拿不出证据。
To finish: know the dramatic features; the three stagings of the dagger; write feature, choice and effect for every choice; give evidence for every effect; and plan, evaluate and avoid the common mistakes.
总结：掌握戏剧特征；匕首的三种舞台处理；每个选择都写特征、选择和效果；每个效果都给出证据；做好规划、评价，避开常见错误。