Supported focus — Latin morphology and translation
International Baccalaureate · IB Diploma · Classical Languages · SL Topic 1 4:12 English narration · English + 中文 subtitles burned in
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Latin case shows a noun's role. With these first-declension forms, -a is nominative singular and -am accusative singular. Use the supplied vocabulary: puella (girl), poeta (poet), fabula (story); laudat (praises), legit (reads), audit (hears). “Poetam puella laudat” has object poetam and subject puella: the girl praises the poet. “Poeta puellam laudat” reverses the roles: the poet praises the girl. Poeta is masculine despite its -a ending. First find the finite verb , then nouns agreeing with its number and the required cases. Do not apply these endings to every declension.
先找限定动词，再依格确定主语和宾语。 词序改变不必改变语法角色。 poeta 是阳性，不能把所有 a 结尾词都判为阴性。
Read this part of the original context. Retain it for the questions that follow.
阅读这部分完整原创材料，保留其中信息以回答后续问题。
Pause here and attempt the task before revealing the reasoning.
请先暂停独立作答，再查看推理。
Use the full context on the preceding pages.
结合前面各页的完整材料。
The girl reads the story (puella subject, fabulam object).
女孩读故事（puella 是主语，fabulam 是宾语）。
The poet hears the girl (poeta subject, puellam object).
诗人听见女孩（poeta 是主语，puellam 是宾语）。
The girl praises the poet (puella subject, poetam object).
女孩称赞诗人（puella 是主语，poetam 是宾语）。
The poet praises the story (poeta subject, fabulam object).
诗人称赞故事（poeta 是主语，fabulam 是宾语）。
Retain all four relationships rather than making the first noun an automatic subject.
要保留这四种关系，而不是自动把第一个名词当作主语。
Pause here and attempt the task before revealing the reasoning.
请先暂停独立作答，再查看推理。
Use the full context on the preceding pages.
结合前面各页的完整材料。
Both mean “The poet reads the story”.
两句的意思都是“诗人读故事”。
Nominative poeta and accusative fabulam retain their roles.
主格 poeta 和宾格 fabulam 保持各自的语法角色。
Word order may influence emphasis in a fuller context, but no specific emphatic effect can be certified from this isolated exercise.
在更完整的语境中，词序可能影响强调，但从这个孤立的练习中，不能确定任何具体的强调效果。
Pause here and attempt the task before revealing the reasoning.
请先暂停独立作答，再查看推理。
Use the full context on the preceding pages.
结合前面各页的完整材料。
The student reversed grammatical roles.
这位学生把语法角色弄反了。
Poeta is nominative subject, puellam accusative object, so “The poet hears the girl”.
Poeta 是主格，作主语；puellam 是宾格，作宾语，所以意思是“诗人听见女孩”。
Poeta is a masculine first-declension noun; grammatical gender must be learned with the noun, not inferred universally from the ending.
Poeta 是第一变格法的阳性名词；语法性别必须和名词一起记，不能一律根据词尾来推断。
Return to the task and explain why the method fits.
回到题目解释方法为何适用。
Original practice does not predict an official score. Complete required live or recorded evidence separately.
原创练习不预测官方分数；现场或录音证据需另行完成。
Pause and test yourself. Cover the worked answer, rebuild the answer to the last example in your own words, and name one condition that would change it before you check.
暂停一下，自我检测：遮住示范答案，用自己的话重做最后一个例子的答案，并在核对之前说出一个会改变结论的条件。