Chọn bằng chứng cho một tuyên bố văn bản hoặc số học chính xác
Đã giới thiệu| English | Ý nghĩa |
|---|---|
| illustrate/ˈɪləstreɪt/ | To show a point with an example. |
| weaken/ˈwiːkən/ | To make a claim less likely to be true. |
Which quotation helps?
- A question says: "Which quotation from the poem most effectively illustrates 说明 the claim that the speaker feels isolated?" Four quotations are given; all come from the poem.
- Every choice is from the text, so the test is not "is it in the poem?" but "does it show the specific claim?"
Match the claim word by word
- Break the claim into parts: who (the speaker), what (feels), how (isolated). The right quotation shows all the parts.
- "The streets are full, yet no one speaks my name" shows isolation; "The streets are full of noise" shows only a busy city.
Claim: the narrator is nervous before the interview. Which quotation best supports it?
Độ khó 1/5 · 100 xu + một phần thưởng nhỏ cho lần hoàn thành đầu tiên trong ngày
Checking notes again and again shows nervousness; the others describe the setting.
Data that support or weaken 削弱
- For a table or graph, find the exact comparison the claim makes (more than, increased, highest) and the right rows, columns and units.
- A choice can be accurate about the data but irrelevant to the claim — e.g. it compares the wrong years or the wrong group.
Claim: "Electric cars made up a growing share of new sales from 2019 to 2022." Support: "Their share rose from 3% in 2019 to 13% in 2022." Not support: "In 2022, 13% of new cars sold were electric" (one year cannot show growth).
Supports, weakens or irrelevant?
Judge how a piece of evidence relates to a specific claim.
Claim: “Library visits fell while e-book loans rose between 2018 and 2022.” Which data best support it?
Độ khó 1/5 · 100 xu + một phần thưởng nhỏ cho lần hoàn thành đầu tiên trong ngày
Only this choice shows both changes over the stated years.
A single year's figure cannot show a ____ over time.
Độ khó 1/5 · 100 xu + một phần thưởng nhỏ cho lần hoàn thành đầu tiên trong ngày
Change needs at least two points in time.
Evidence that discriminates
- When the question asks for evidence that would weaken a claim, look for the result that the claim predicts should not happen.
- The best evidence separates two explanations: if one theory predicts A and the other B, data showing A supports the first and weakens the second.
A researcher claims that a bird species migrates mainly because of falling temperatures. Which finding would most weaken this claim?
Độ khó 1/5 · 100 xu + một phần thưởng nhỏ cho lần hoàn thành đầu tiên trong ngày
Leaving on fixed dates despite warm weather suggests temperature is not the main trigger.
Traps
- Relevant but not supporting: on topic, but it does not show the claimed relationship.
- Half the claim: the quotation shows the setting or one part, not the specific quality asked for.
Any quotation that comes from the text is acceptable evidence for any claim about the text.
Độ khó 1/5 · 100 xu + một phần thưởng nhỏ cho lần hoàn thành đầu tiên trong ngày
It must show the specific claim.
Recap
- Split the claim into parts and choose the evidence that shows every part.
- With data, match the exact comparison and base; to weaken, find what the claim says should not happen.
- illustrate: To show a point with an example.
- weaken: To make a claim less likely to be true.