1 · Historical sources and contextual evaluation
provenance · corroboration
U1-Q1 · 2 marks · pontos
What can an official announcement establish most directly?
Answer and reasoning · Resposta e raciocínio
The public explanation offered by its issuing authority.
U1-Q2 · 4 marks · pontos
Explain the mechanism or reasoning in this original case: A private letter and a public announcement describe the same event differently. Neither is automatically truthful or useless because of its genre.
Answer and reasoning · Resposta e raciocínio
A contemporary announcement can show the official explanation offered to an audience. A private letter can show one person's response. Neither alone establishes the event's impact on everyone; compare with independent evidence and context.
- Accurate relevant concept (1)
- Specific evidence from the case (1)
- Connected reasoning (2)
Do not write primary sources are reliable as a universal rule. / Use the actual prescribed case studies, dates and actors selected by the school; this skills lesson is not case-study coverage.
2 · Causation, change and comparative essays
causation · continuity
U2-Q1 · 2 marks · pontos
What makes a causal paragraph analytical?
Answer and reasoning · Resposta e raciocínio
It explains how a factor produced an outcome and evaluates its importance.
U2-Q2 · 4 marks · pontos
Explain the mechanism or reasoning in this original case: A long-standing tension and an immediate incident can both contribute to change. Listing events in date order does not explain their causal importance.
Answer and reasoning · Resposta e raciocínio
Organize a paragraph around one factor, then compare its operation in two relevant cases. Explain why the factor mattered differently. End with a qualified judgement that answers the question, rather than declaring every factor equally important.
- Accurate relevant concept (1)
- Specific evidence from the case (1)
- Connected reasoning (2)
Do not confuse a consequence with a cause or assume the earliest event was the most important. / A classroom hypothetical is not evidence for the selected historical topic; replace it with verified case detail.
3 · Inquiry, evidence and methodological reflection
historical inquiry · significance
U3-Q1 · 2 marks · pontos
Which reflection concerns historical method?
Answer and reasoning · Resposta e raciocínio
Explain how uneven survival of records limits the groups whose experiences can be reconstructed.
U3-Q2 · 4 marks · pontos
Explain the mechanism or reasoning in this original case: How did a local institution change over a bounded decade is more researchable than why did society change. The question determines which evidence is relevant.
Answer and reasoning · Resposta e raciocínio
Begin with a small source inventory: what exists, who produced it and which groups are absent. Revise the question if evidence cannot support it. Track citations while drafting and reflect on a real difficulty, such as unequal survival of records.
- Accurate relevant concept (1)
- Specific evidence from the case (1)
- Connected reasoning (2)
Do not replace historical reflection with a diary of your effort. / The full guide governs IA section limits and criteria; school supervision verifies sources and independent authorship.
4 · Regional arguments and historiography
historiography · chronology
U4-Q1 · 2 marks · pontos
What should follow a historian's interpretation in an essay?
Answer and reasoning · Resposta e raciocínio
Analysis of its evidence, explanation and limitations for the question.
U4-Q2 · 4 marks · pontos
Explain the mechanism or reasoning in this original case: Two historians may give different weight to institutions and individual action. Their disagreement can sharpen your question rather than force an arbitrary choice.
Answer and reasoning · Resposta e raciocínio
Compare each historian's evidence, scope and causal explanation. Identify what each explains well and a difficulty raised by the other. Use the comparison to refine your own judgement about the question.
- Accurate relevant concept (1)
- Specific evidence from the case (1)
- Connected reasoning (2)
Do not use a historian's name as a substitute for an argument. / The 2028 course changes regional selection and assessment; these 2017 Paper 3 requirements cannot be carried across unchanged.