Decolonisation
A process, over a century
- The process of decolonisation occurred over the course of the century with varying degrees of cooperation, interference, or resistance from European imperialist states.
- Process and over the course of the century rule out treating decolonisation as an event.
- And the European role is described three ways — cooperation, interference, or resistance — with no default.
Select all three European postures the CED names.
With no default among them.
Where the process starts
- 8.2 already named the overthrow of European empires among the shifts the First World War produced.
- 8.4's mandate system had altered the imperial balance of power rather than ending empire.
- So decolonisation begins inside the same century as the imperial intensification of 7.6, which is the point worth making.
'Process... over the course of the century' rules out treating decolonisation as...
It is not one moment, and not one story.
The colonised are the agents here
- The objective's wording is how colonial groups around the world sought independence from colonisers — the subject of the sentence is the colonised.
- 7.7 had already said imperial endeavours created resistance to foreign control abroad.
- So the resistance that empire produced is what this subtopic follows to its conclusion.
European cooperation, interference, or resistance?
Sort each European posture toward independence.
The subject of the objective's sentence is...
The colonised sought independence; the CED says so.
The CED gives Europe three postures with no default: cooperation, interference, or resistance. So there is no single story of how empires ended — an answer should give at least two of the three and say what made the difference in that case.
8.2 already named the overthrow of European empires among the First World War's effects.
So decolonisation begins in the same century as imperial intensification.
Varying degrees, not one story
- Some transfers of power were negotiated; some were resisted by force; some were interfered with after formal independence.
- The CED's three words cover all of those without ranking them or assigning them to particular states.
- So an answer should give at least two of the three and say what made the difference.
The structure this subtopic rewards pairs...
Which explains why the same method met different outcomes.
Various ways, in the objective's words
- The objective is the various ways in which colonial groups sought independence — plural, and about method.
- So the answer describes how independence was sought, and the CED's three European postures explain why the same method met different outcomes.
- That pairing — colonial method against European posture — is the structure this subtopic rewards.
Two territories reach independence in the same decade. One does so through negotiation with a government that has decided the cost of staying is too high; the other after years of fighting. The claim being made was the same in both. The answer it met was not.
The process of decolonisation occurred over the course of the century with varying degrees of cooperation, interference, or resistance from European imperialist states. It is a process, not an event; it begins in the same century as 7.6's imperial intensification, with 8.2 already naming the overthrow of European empires; and its subject is colonial groups... sought independence, following 7.7's resistance to foreign control to its conclusion.