규모의 economies从哪里产生
도입됨| English | 의미 |
|---|---|
| internal economy of scale/ɪnˈtɜːnl ɪˈkɒnəmi ɒv skeɪl/ | 내부 규모의 경제 |
| external economy of scale/ekˈstɜːnl ɪˈkɒnəmi ɒv skeɪl/ | 외부 규모의 경제 |
A decision you can investigate
- A packaging firm orders larger batches of cardboard and appoints specialist managers. Nearby firms share access to trained workers and transport links.
- Some savings come from the firm itself; others come from its industry or location.
Build the explanation
- Internal purchasing economies come from bulk discounts; marketing costs can spread over more sales; technical economies use efficient large equipment. Financial economies can mean cheaper access to finance; managerial economies use specialists; risk-bearing economies spread exposure across products or markets.
- External economies come from a shared skilled workforce, infrastructure, suppliers or nearby related businesses. The firm need not itself grow to benefit from improvements in its surrounding industry.
Work through the evidence
- An advertisement costing 600 yuan supports 100 sales at one scale and 300 at another. Marketing cost per sale = advertising cost divided by sales: first 600/100 = 6 yuan, later 600/300 = 2 yuan.
- A new local supplier can reduce delivery costs for several firms: an external economy. One firm’s bulk-purchase discount instead arises from its own buying scale: an internal purchasing economy.
판매량이 300로 증가한 후 판매당 마케팅 비용은 얼마입니까?
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동일한 광고비를 300 판매량으로 나누다: 600/300 = 2.
Test the limits
- Larger buying scale does not guarantee a discount, and financing depends on risk as well as size. Product diversification spreads some risks but adds management demands.
- Name the actual cost mechanism. A list of six economy labels without showing how average cost falls is not an explanation.
다음 중 관리적 경제를 보여주는 예는?
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전문가 관리는 평균 비용을 낮출 수 있는 내부 기제이다.
개선된 산업 노동 공급은 자사의 확장 없이도 기업에 혜택을 줄 수 있다.
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공유된 환경이 단지 기업의 규모뿐만 아니라 외부 경제를 창출할 수 있다.
Apply and explain your answer
- Why is the shared local supplier an external rather than an internal economy?
- It improves conditions available to several firms in the industry or area, rather than arising solely inside one firm.
왜 제품 다각화가 위험 부담 economy(위험 부담 경제)를 형성할 수 있는가?
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서로 다른 시장은 일부 변동성을 상쇄할 수 있으나, 모든 리스크를 제거하지는 못한다.
Use the terms precisely
- internal economy of scale 内部规模经济: A cost advantage arising from a firm’s own larger production scale.
- external economy of scale 外部规模经济: A cost advantage arising from growth or improved conditions in the industry or area.
용어를 의미와 매칭하십시오.
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각 용어는 이번 수업에서 다루는 특정 메커니즘을 설명합니다.
An advertisement costing 600 yuan supports 100 sales at one scale and 300 at another. Marketing cost per sale = advertising cost divided by sales: first 600/100 = 6 yuan, later 600/300 = 2 yuan. A new local supplier can reduce delivery costs for several firms: an external economy. One firm’s bulk-purchase discount instead arises from its own buying scale: an internal purchasing economy.
Larger buying scale does not guarantee a discount, and financing depends on risk as well as size. Product diversification spreads some risks but adds management demands. Name the actual cost mechanism. A list of six economy labels without showing how average cost falls is not an explanation.
Internal purchasing economies come from bulk discounts; marketing costs can spread over more sales; technical economies use efficient large equipment. Financial economies can mean cheaper access to finance; managerial economies use specialists; risk-bearing economies spread exposure across products or markets.