순환 흐름, 소득 및 부
도입됨| English | 의미 |
|---|---|
| net wealth/net welθ/ | 순재산 |
| income flow/ˈɪŋkʌm fləʊ/ | 소득 흐름 |
A decision you can investigate
- A worker supplies labour and receives wages. A household buys output and the firm receives sales revenue. These are linked transactions, not separate additions to national income each time money passes a boundary.
- A stock of savings differs from the income received this month.
Build the explanation
- In a simple circular flow, households supply factors to firms and receive factor incomes; firms supply goods/services and receive household expenditure. Real resources and money payments move in opposite directions for each exchange. The model shows the relationship between production, income and expenditure without counting every linked payment as another final product.
- Income is a flow measured over a period. Wealth is a stock of assets less liabilities measured at a date. A household can receive income from using its assets, but the asset’s market value and its income are different measures. A gain in the value of an existing asset is not itself new production. Add government, financial intermediation and foreign transactions only after explaining what each changes.
Work through the evidence
- A fictional household has assets 12000 and debts 3000 on 1January, so net wealth 净财富=12000−3000=9000. During a month it receives wages 1000 and rental income 100, a total income flow 收入流量 1100; it spends 900 and saves 200 under the stated account. If all 200 increases assets and debts stay 3000, end-month net wealth becomes 9200, with other changes excluded.
- The 9200 stock is not monthly income. If an existing asset instead rises 500 in price without new production, net wealth may rise another 500, but adding that capital gain to measured GDP would confuse an asset revaluation with current output. In the two-sector diagram, factor income supports spending and firm receipts support factor payments; treat the linked flows consistently.
초기 순 자산(순부)은 얼마인가?
난이도 1/5 · 100 코인 + 오늘 첫 완료 시 소액 보너스
부채 3000을 자산 12000에서 뺍니다.
명시된 월 소득은 얼마인가?
난이도 1/5 · 100 코인 + 오늘 첫 완료 시 소액 보너스
임금 1000 + 임대료 수입 100 = 1100
소득과 부가 모두 화폐로 표시될 때 서로 교체 가능한 측정 지표입니다.
난이도 1/5 · 100 코인 + 오늘 첫 완료 시 소액 보너스
소득은 기간에 걸쳐 측정되며, 부는 특정 시점의 상태로서 측정됩니다.
Test the limits
- Savings can accumulate into wealth, but revaluation, depreciation, gifts and debt changes also affect a balance sheet. A high-income household can have little net wealth, while a low-current-income household can own valuable assets. Gross assets and net wealth differ when debts exist.
- The simple model omits saving, tax and international flows; the next lesson adds these rather than claiming all income must always be consumed. Informal and unpaid work complicate measurement. Specify a date for wealth and a period for income before interpreting household or national data.
500 자산 가격 상승이 자체적으로 무엇을 확인하는가?
난이도 1/5 · 100 코인 + 오늘 첫 완료 시 소액 보너스
기존 자산의 가격 변화는 현재 생산과 다릅니다.
Apply and explain your answer
- Why must wages received in a month not be compared directly with a household’s total wealth as if they were the same kind of amount?
- Wages are a flow over that month; wealth is a net stock at a date. They answer different questions even if both use currency units.
용어를 의미와 매칭하십시오.
난이도 2/5 · 140 코인 + 오늘 첫 완료 시 소액 보너스
각 용어를 명시된 경제적 관계에 따라 사용하라.
Use the terms precisely
- income flow: Income received over a specified period.
- net wealth: Assets less liabilities at a specified date.
A fictional household has assets 12000 and debts 3000 on 1January, so net wealth=12000−3000=9000. During a month it receives wages 1000 and rental income 100, a total income flow 1100; it spends 900 and saves 200 under the stated account. If all 200 increases assets and debts stay 3000, end-month net wealth becomes 9200, with other changes excluded. The 9200 stock is not monthly income. If an existing asset instead rises 500 in price without new production, net wealth may rise another 500, but adding that capital gain to measured GDP would confuse an asset revaluation with current output. In the two-sector diagram, factor income supports spending and firm receipts support factor payments; treat the linked flows consistently.
Savings can accumulate into wealth, but revaluation, depreciation, gifts and debt changes also affect a balance sheet. A high-income household can have little net wealth, while a low-current-income household can own valuable assets. Gross assets and net wealth differ when debts exist. The simple model omits saving, tax and international flows; the next lesson adds these rather than claiming all income must always be consumed. Informal and unpaid work complicate measurement. Specify a date for wealth and a period for income before interpreting household or national data.
In a simple circular flow, households supply factors to firms and receive factor incomes; firms supply goods/services and receive household expenditure. Real resources and money payments move in opposite directions for each exchange. The model shows the relationship between production, income and expenditure without counting every linked payment as another final product.