순 무역 및 조건부 통화 효과
도입됨| English | 의미 |
|---|---|
| exchange-rate quotation/eksˈtʃeɪndʒ reɪt kwəʊˈteɪʃn/ | 환율报价 |
| non-price competitiveness/nɒn praɪs kəmˈpetɪtɪvnəs/ | 비가격 경쟁력 |
A decision you can investigate
- A depreciation can make one export cheaper to a foreign buyer while making its imported input more costly. Global demand or delivery quality may matter more than that price change.
- A currency calculation is the beginning of trade analysis.
Build the explanation
- An exchange-rate quotation 汇率报价 states one currency’s units per unit of another. Net trade X−M can change with domestic real income, exchange rates, global economic conditions, protectionism and non-price competitiveness 非价格竞争力. Higher domestic income often raises import demand, conditional on preferences and import responsiveness. Higher foreign income may raise export demand. Depreciation can alter relative prices but contracts, capacity, elasticities and imported inputs condition the net effect.
- Protection can reduce some imports yet invite retaliation or raise producers’ input costs. Product quality, reliability, after-sales service, technology and delivery times affect demand independently of price. Name the quotation and the changed determinant before claiming a shift in net exports or AD.
Work through the evidence
- The fictional quote moves from 5 to 6 local currency units per US dollar: the local currency depreciates. A local-priced export of 120 costs a foreign buyer 120/5=24 dollars initially, then 120/6=20 dollars if its local price stays fixed. A dollar-priced imported input of 10 costs 50 locally initially and 60 later.
- A producer using that input per export unit has margin before other costs 120−50=70, then 120−60=60 if local sale price remains 120. The foreign buyer sees a lower dollar price while the producer faces a lower local margin. If exporters raise local prices or contracts are fixed in dollars, the arithmetic changes. Without quantities and other flows, these two prices cannot determine the change in X−M.
국내 판매 가격 120이 유지될 때 새로운 달러 가격은 얼마입니까?
난이도 1/5 · 100 코인 + 오늘 첫 완료 시 소액 보너스
120를 6 달러당 국내 단위로 나눕니다.
Test the limits
- Demand may respond slowly to prices because contracts, habit and supplier switching take time. Higher import costs can raise domestic production costs and affect supply as well as demand. A global slowdown can weaken exports despite depreciation; improved quality or reliability can strengthen exports without currency change.
- Tariff protection is not costless: consumers, downstream producers, export access and retaliation matter. The examples do not predict an actual exchange rate or advise a currency transaction. Compare quantities, values, production capacity and time horizons before making a conditional current-account judgement.
달러로 표시된 원료의 국내 비용은 어떻게 됩니까?
난이도 1/5 · 100 코인 + 오늘 첫 완료 시 소액 보너스
10 달러를 각 quoted local-per-dollar rate으로 곱합니다.
환율 하락은 반드시 즉시 순교역 수지를 개선시킨다.
난이도 1/5 · 100 코인 + 오늘 첫 완료 시 소액 보너스
수량, 계약, 탄력성, 생산 능력 및 수입 비용이 결과에 영향을 미친다.
Apply and explain your answer
- Why does a cheaper dollar price of the export not prove that the producer’s local profit rises?
- Its imported input becomes more costly; sales quantity and other costs also matter, and the stated per-unit margin falls.
가격을 낮추지 않고 수출을 늘릴 수 있는 요인은 무엇인가?
난이도 1/5 · 100 코인 + 오늘 첫 완료 시 소액 보너스
수요는 비가격 경쟁력에 반응할 수 있다.
Use the terms precisely
- non-price competitiveness: Ability to attract demand through quality, reliability, service or other attributes beyond price.
- exchange-rate quotation: The stated units of one currency per unit of another, needed to interpret an exchange-rate change.
용어를 의미와 매칭하십시오.
난이도 2/5 · 140 코인 + 오늘 첫 완료 시 소액 보너스
각 용어를 명시된 경제적 관계에 따라 사용하라.
The fictional quote moves from 5 to 6 local currency units per US dollar: the local currency depreciates. A local-priced export of 120 costs a foreign buyer 120/5=24 dollars initially, then 120/6=20 dollars if its local price stays fixed. A dollar-priced imported input of 10 costs 50 locally initially and 60 later. A producer using that input per export unit has margin before other costs 120−50=70, then 120−60=60 if local sale price remains 120. The foreign buyer sees a lower dollar price while the producer faces a lower local margin. If exporters raise local prices or contracts are fixed in dollars, the arithmetic changes. Without quantities and other flows, these two prices cannot determine the change in X−M.
Demand may respond slowly to prices because contracts, habit and supplier switching take time. Higher import costs can raise domestic production costs and affect supply as well as demand. A global slowdown can weaken exports despite depreciation; improved quality or reliability can strengthen exports without currency change. Tariff protection is not costless: consumers, downstream producers, export access and retaliation matter. The examples do not predict an actual exchange rate or advise a currency transaction. Compare quantities, values, production capacity and time horizons before making a conditional current-account judgement.
An exchange-rate quotation states one currency’s units per unit of another. Net trade X−M can change with domestic real income, exchange rates, global economic conditions, protectionism and non-price competitiveness. Higher domestic income often raises import demand, conditional on preferences and import responsiveness. Higher foreign income may raise export demand. Depreciation can alter relative prices but contracts, capacity, elasticities and imported inputs condition the net effect.