Confidence undermined, two philosophies follow
- The effects of world war and economic depression undermined this confidence in science and human reason, giving impetus to existentialism and producing postmodernism in the post-1945 period.
- 8.10 recorded the confidence; this records what replaced it, and names two successors.
- The CED's verbs differ: existentialism was given impetus, postmodernism was produced — a distinction worth keeping.
각 철학을 CED의 동사와 매칭하십시오.
난이도 2/5 · 140 코인 + 오늘 첫 완료 시 소액 보너스
유지해야 할 구별점
Religion persists, against three challenges
- Organised religion continued to play a role in European social and cultural life despite the challenges of military and ideological conflict, modern secularism, and rapid social changes.
- Continued to play a role is a continuity claim in a unit full of change claims, and that is why it matters.
- The three challenges are named, and the CED says religion persisted despite all three.
종교가 견뎌낸 모든 세 가지 도전을 선택하십시오.
난이도 2/5 · 140 코인 + 오늘 첫 완료 시 소액 보너스
변화 주장으로 가득한 단위의 연속성 주장
The arts, and a new influence
- During the 20th century, the arts were defined by experimentation, self-expression, subjectivity, and the increasing influence of the United States in both elite and popular culture.
- The first three continue 7.8's modern art; the fourth is new to this century.
- Both elite and popular refuses the usual split — the influence reached the gallery and the record shop alike.
CED가 20세기 예술을 정의했다고 말한 모든 네 가지 것을 선택하십시오.
난이도 2/5 · 140 코인 + 오늘 첫 완료 시 소액 보너스
첫 세 가지는 7.8의 현대 미술을 이어간다.
"Continued to play a role" is a continuity claim in a unit full of change. Organised religion persisted despite the challenges of military and ideological conflict, modern secularism, and rapid social changes — an answer that reports secularisation as complete has contradicted the CED's own sentence.
사상, 종교, 예술, 아니면 일상생활?
전후 문화 발전의 각 요소를 분류하십시오.
'感知된 부르주아적 물질주의'는 CED가...임을 보여준다
난이도 1/5 · 100 코인 + 오늘 첫 완료 시 소액 보너스
주의할 만한 신중한 단어
Consumer culture, the baby boom, and movements
- Mass production, new food technologies, and industrial efficiency increased disposable income and created a consumer culture in which greater domestic comforts such as electricity, indoor plumbing, plastics, and synthetic fibres became available.
- With economic recovery after World War II, the birth rate increased dramatically (the baby boom), often promoted by government policies.
- Various movements, including women's movements, political and social movements, gay and lesbian movements, and others, worked for expanded civil rights, in some cases obtaining the goals they sought, and in others facing strong opposition.
지식인들과 청년들에게 가장 큰 충격을 준 반응은 ____의 반란이었다.
난이도 1/5 · 100 코인 + 오늘 첫 완료 시 소액 보너스
동일한 시기에는 소비 문화가 형성되었고, 동시에 그에 대한 반발도 일어났다.
And a revolt against all of it
- Intellectuals and youth reacted against perceived bourgeois materialism and decadence, most significantly with the revolts of 1968.
- Perceived is the CED's careful word — it reports the reaction's own description of its target.
- So the same decades produced the consumer culture and its most visible rejection, which is the shape of the whole unit.
A decade delivers indoor plumbing, synthetic fibres, a birth rate promoted by the state, and a student revolt against the comfort all three produced. The revolt is not evidence that the comforts failed; it is evidence that they arrived.
World war and economic depression undermined confidence in science and human reason, giving impetus to existentialism and producing postmodernism; organised religion continued to play a role despite military and ideological conflict, modern secularism, and rapid social changes; the arts were defined by experimentation, self-expression, subjectivity, and the increasing influence of the United States in both elite and popular culture; mass production... created a consumer culture; the birth rate increased dramatically (the baby boom); movements worked for expanded civil rights; and intellectuals and youth reacted against perceived bourgeois materialism and decadence, most significantly with the revolts of 1968.