String handling · ⁨문자열 처리⁩

LENGTH counts characters

• LENGTH(s) gives how many characters are in a string.

OUTPUT LENGTH("hello")    // → 5

UCASE and LCASE change case

• UCASE(s) makes a string all CAPITALS.
• LCASE(s) makes it all lower case.

OUTPUT UCASE("abc")       // → ABC
OUTPUT LCASE("HeLLo")     // → hello

SUBSTRING takes part of a string

• SUBSTRING(s, start, length) copies part of a string.
• The first character is position 1 (not 0).

OUTPUT SUBSTRING("Computer", 1, 4)   // → Comp

Printing several values

• OUTPUT takes several values separated by commas and prints them one after another.
• The 0478 pseudocode has no "join" operator — a comma is how you put values side by side.

DECLARE Lives : INTEGER
Lives ← 3
OUTPUT "Cam", "bridge"        // → Cambridge
OUTPUT "You have ", Lives, " lives left"

Common mistakes

• Learn the exam's function names: LENGTH, SUBSTRING, UCASE, LCASE.
• String positions in pseudocode often start at 1, not 0.

Now you try

• Use the string functions above.
• Press Check answer to test it.