Cooperation attempted, division produced
- Despite efforts to maintain international cooperation through the newly created United Nations, deep-seated tensions between the USSR and the West led to the division of Europe, which was referred to in the West as the Iron Curtain.
- Despite marks a real attempt that failed, and deep-seated says the tensions were older than the peace.
- Note the careful phrasing: referred to in the West as — the CED attributes the term rather than adopting it.
'努力にもかかわらず... newly created United Nations を通じて' は...を示唆している。
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また 'deep-seated'（根深蒂固な）という言葉は、緊張が平和以前から存在していたことを示している。
Four kinds of Cold War activity
- The Cold War played out on a global stage and involved propaganda campaigns; covert actions; limited "hot wars" in Asia, Africa, Latin America, and the Caribbean; and an arms race, with the threat of a nuclear war.
- Four methods, and the third is why the term cold needs its quotation marks around hot wars.
- A global stage means a European conflict fought largely elsewhere — the reverse of 8.2's spread outward from Europe.
CEDが列挙する冷戦活動の すべて 四種類を選択せよ。
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世界的舞台：主に其他地方で行われた欧州紛争。
The arms race and the threat
- 8.8 already recorded that military technologies made possible nuclear proliferation, and the risk of global nuclear war.
- Here that risk becomes a permanent condition of European politics rather than an outcome of a war.
- So the Cold War is the first period in this course organised around a war that did not happen.
原因、手段、あるいは結果のいずれか？
冷戦の各要素を分類せよ。
CEDは分裂について以下のように述べている...
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この用語を採用するのではなく、その由来を説明している。
The CED attributes the term rather than adopting it. The division of Europe was referred to in the West as the Iron Curtain — that careful phrasing tells you who used the phrase, and it is worth reproducing rather than flattening.
冷戦は、このコースにおいて、実際に起かなかった戦争を中心に構成された最初の期間である。
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8.8における核リスクが政治の恒常的な条件となる。
Why the tensions were deep-seated
- 8.7 named deep distrust between Western democratic, capitalist nations and the authoritarian, communist Soviet Union before the war.
- 8.1's thread explains it: they held conflicting conceptions of the relationship between the individual and the state.
- So the division of Europe is the ideological battle taking a geographical form.
ヨーロッパの分割は、____の形をとるイデオロギー的対立である。
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8.1における個人と国家の対立する概念。
Causes, events, effects
- The objective names all three, so an answer should be structured in those three parts.
- Causes: deep-seated tensions and conflicting conceptions of the state, despite the UN.
- Events: propaganda, covert action, limited hot wars, an arms race. Effects: 9.4's two blocs.
Two powers that will not fight each other directly still need somewhere to compete. They find it in other continents, in broadcasts, in intelligence services, and in the size of an arsenal neither intends to use. All four are the same contest.
Despite efforts to maintain international cooperation through the newly created United Nations, deep-seated tensions between the USSR and the West led to the division of Europe, which was referred to in the West as the Iron Curtain. The Cold War played out on a global stage and involved propaganda campaigns; covert actions; limited "hot wars" in Asia, Africa, Latin America, and the Caribbean; and an arms race, with the threat of a nuclear war.