Long and short causes, immense effects
- World War I, caused by a complex interaction of long- and short-term factors, resulted in immense losses and disruptions for both victors and vanquished.
- Complex interaction rules out a single-cause answer, and long- and short-term tells you the two shelves to draw from.
- For both victors and vanquished is the sentence's real teaching: winning did not spare a state the losses.
'長期要因と短期要因の複雑な相互作用'は…を除外する。
難易度 1/5 · 100 コイン + 今日初回完了時に小ボーナス付与
抽出すべき二つの棚を示している。
Technology confounded strategy
- New technologies confounded traditional military strategies and led to trench warfare and massive troop losses.
- Confounded is precise: the strategies were not merely outdated, they were defeated by conditions they could not read.
- Unit 6's industry supplied the technologies, so the war's character is an industrial consequence.
CEDは、戦争が勝者にも敗者にも莫大な損失をもたらしたと述べている。
難易度 1/5 · 100 コイン + 今日初回完了時に小ボーナス付与
勝利したことが、国家に損失を免れたわけではない。
Stalemate produced revolution
- The effects of military stalemate, national mobilisation, and total war led to protest and insurrection in the belligerent nations and eventually to revolutions that changed the international balance of power.
- Three causes at the front and at home, one chain of consequence: protest → insurrection → revolution → a changed balance of power.
- So the war did not merely precede the Russian Revolution; the CED makes it a cause.
技術を通じて総力戦へ向かう道筋をたどれ
技術 → 膠着状態 → 動員 — 各ステップにおける 'because'（なぜ）はマークされている部分である。
新技術 ____ 従来の軍事戦略。
難易度 1/5 · 100 コイン + 今日初回完了時に小ボーナス付与
単なる陳腐化だけでなく、彼らが読み取れない状況によって敗北した。
"For both victors and vanquished" is the sentence's real teaching. The war resulted in immense losses and disruptions on both sides — so an answer that treats the victors as unaffected has missed what the CED chose to say in a single clause.
CEDの膠着状態からバランスの変化への連鎖を順序立てて記せ。
難易度 3/5 · 200 コイン + 今日初回完了時に小ボーナス付与
CEDは、戦争をロシア革命の原因としている。
A European war becomes a world war
- The war in Europe quickly spread to non-European theatres, transforming the war into a global conflict.
- The relationship of Europe to the world shifted significantly with the globalisation of the conflict, the emergence of the United States as a world power, and the overthrow of European empires.
- Three shifts in one sentence, and the third — the overthrow of European empires — is the largest claim in the unit.
ヨーロッパと世界の関係における変化としてすべての三つを選択せよ。
難易度 2/5 · 140 コイン + 今日初回完了時に小ボーナス付与
コンセルトは6.5に属し、すでに崩壊していた。
Three objectives, three questions
- 8.2 carries causes and effects, how new technology altered the conduct, and how developments changed political and diplomatic interactions.
- They are separable: causes and effects, the character of the fighting, and the diplomatic aftermath.
- Reading which one a prompt is asking is half the work of answering it.
A strategy written for movement meets a weapon that makes movement fatal. Neither side can advance and neither can withdraw, so both dig. What follows is not a failure of nerve but a correct response to conditions no plan had allowed for.
World War I, caused by a complex interaction of long- and short-term factors, resulted in immense losses and disruptions for both victors and vanquished. New technologies confounded traditional military strategies and led to trench warfare and massive troop losses; stalemate, national mobilisation and total war led to protest, insurrection and eventually revolutions that changed the international balance of power; and the war's globalisation brought the emergence of the United States as a world power and the overthrow of European empires.