Strings

Strings are text

• A string is text inside quotes: "Ada" or 'Ada'.
• Join strings with + — this is called concatenation.

let first = "Ada";
console.log("Hi, " + first + "!");   // → Hi, Ada!

Mind the spaces

• + joins text exactly. It never adds a space for you.
• Put the space inside the quotes, where you want it to appear.

let pet = "Rex";
console.log("Good dog," + pet + "!");    // → Good dog,Rex!   (no space)
console.log("Good dog, " + pet + "!");   // → Good dog, Rex!

Length and capitals

• .length counts the characters.
• .toUpperCase() and .toLowerCase() return a copy in CAPITALS or small letters.

console.log("hello".length);        // → 5
console.log("hello".toUpperCase()); // → HELLO

Reach inside a string

• Each character has a position, counting from 0: text[0] is the first one.
• .slice(start, end) takes the part from start up to — but not including — end.

let word = "JAVASCRIPT";
console.log(word[0]);          // → J
console.log(word.slice(0, 4)); // → JAVA

Watch out

• Positions start at 0, so the 4th character is word[3].
• String methods return a new string — the original never changes.

Common mistakes

• Index from 0; s.length is a property (no ()).
• Strings cannot be changed in place.

Now you try

• Build and inspect strings.
• Press Check answer to test it.