Ekonomi pengantar untuk bisnis
Diperkenalkan| English | Makna |
|---|---|
| scarcity/ˈskeəsɪti/ | kelangkaan |
| opportunity cost/ɒpəˈtjuːnɪti kɒst/ | biaya peluang |
| market/ˈmɑːkɪt/ | pasar |
| demand/dɪˈmænd/ | permintaan |
| supply/səˈplaɪ/ | penawaran |
| equilibrium price/ˌiːkwɪˈlɪbrɪəm praɪs/ | harga keseimbangan |
Every choice has a cost
- Scarcity 稀缺性 means resources are limited but people's wants are not.
- A business cannot buy every machine, hire every worker, or run every advert. It must choose.
- The opportunity cost 机会成本 is the next best option given up when that choice is made.
Opportunity cost is the option you did not choose, quietly waving from the other queue.
Sebuah toko roti membeli sepeda pengiriman alih-alih oven kedua. Berapa biaya peluangnya?
Difficulty 1/5 · 100 coins + a small bonus on first completion today
Biaya peluang adalah alternatif terbaik berikutnya, bukan setiap biaya atau uang yang dibayarkan.
Price is a signal
- In a market 市场, price links buyers and sellers.
- Demand 需求 is how much consumers are willing and able to buy at each price. A lower price usually leads to more demand.
- Supply 供给 is how much firms are willing and able to sell at each price. A higher price usually makes supply more attractive.
- These are tendencies, not promises. A firm still needs evidence about its own customers.
Permintaan berarti bahwa konsumen bersedia dan mampu membeli pada harga tertentu.
Difficulty 1/5 · 100 coins + a small bonus on first completion today
Ingin memiliki suatu barang tanpa mampu membayarnya bukan merupakan permintaan dalam model ini.
Cocokkan setiap perubahan dengan efek pasarnya masing-masing.
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Model ini menggambarkan kecenderungan. Perusahaan nyata tetap memeriksa bukti sendiri.
The point where plans meet
- An equilibrium price 均衡价格 is the price at which quantity demanded equals quantity supplied.
- Above it, a seller may have unsold stock. Below it, customers may want more than the firm can provide.
- A shortage is not automatically good news: it can mean disappointed customers and lost future sales.
Pada harga berapakah pasar berada dalam keseimbangan?
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Keseimbangan adalah kesesuaian antara jumlah yang ingin dibeli pembeli dan jumlah yang ditawarkan penjual.
A campus café has 80 sandwiches for lunch. At $3, students want 120. At$5, they want 50. At $4, about 80 want one.
The $4 price is useful because it matches today's supply. Choosing$3 may create a queue, but the opportunity cost is the sales the café cannot make once the sandwiches are gone.
Dalam satu kalimat bahasa Inggris, jelaskan mengapa harga $4 cocok untuk kafe kampus pada kasus kerja.
Difficulty 3/5 · 200 coins + a small bonus on first completion today
Tautan yang berguna adalah jumlah permintaan = jumlah penawaran, bukan sekadar “siswa menyukainya”.
Name the choice and the next best alternative. “The opportunity cost is money” is too vague. “Buying a second oven means giving up a delivery bicycle” is an economic explanation.
Do not say demand means “how much people like something”. They must be able and willing to buy it at a stated price. A thousand likes do not pay a supplier.