Motor learning, feedback and retention
הוצג| English | משמעות |
|---|---|
| knowledge of results/ˈnɒlɪdʒ ɒv rɪˈzʌlts/ | מידע על תוצאות |
| retention/rɪˈtenʃn/ | שימור מיומנות |
What would explain this observation?
- A learner performs well while a coach gives constant instructions, then struggles the next day. Immediate performance and retained learning are different outcomes.
Build the model
- Motor learning is a relatively lasting change in movement capability from practice.
- Knowledge of results 结果反馈 concerns the outcome; knowledge of performance concerns movement quality.
- retention 保持: Persistence of learning after a delay.
- knowledge of results: Feedback about the task outcome.
Which measure best tests lasting learning?
רמת קושי 1/5 · 100 מטבעות + בונוס קטן בהשלמה הראשונה היום
Learning is a lasting change, so it is tested by performance after a delay without help. Strong performance while the coach corrects every attempt may reflect guidance, not learning; favourite colour is irrelevant to the skill.
Match each technical term to its precise meaning.
רמת קושי 2/5 · 140 מטבעות + בונוס קטן בהשלמה הראשונה היום
Use the definitions to distinguish related quantities and processes.
Choose evidence that can test it
- A retention test after a delay and without the same assistance can provide evidence of learning.
- Practice conditions, prior experience and task difficulty need control before comparing feedback methods.
In the lab: Use a low-risk target task, equal practice time, random or balanced assignment, and a delayed retention test. Record outcome accuracy separately from movement quality. Seek consent and avoid labels about a participant ability or personality.
Which two habits make the investigation or model in this case more defensible?
רמת קושי 2/5 · 140 מטבעות + בונוס קטן בהשלמה הראשונה היום
Stating the conditions and assumptions lets others repeat the work exactly, and recording the supporting evidence lets them check the conclusion. Hiding disagreeing results removes the evidence that could challenge a wrong conclusion, and one measurement can never establish a wider claim.
Work from known quantities
- Known: 12 of 20 throws hit a target during retention.
- Accuracy = successful attempts/total attempts ×100 = 12/20×100 = 60%.
- Another group at 70% is not automatically superior without sample variability and comparable starting performance.
Your turn: 15 of 25 retention attempts succeed. Find success percentage.
15 of 25 retention attempts succeed. Find success percentage.
רמת קושי 2/5 · 140 מטבעות + בונוס קטן בהשלמה הראשונה היום
The result is 60 %. Known: 15 of 25 retention attempts succeed. Use success percentage = successes / total x 100. Percentage = 15/25 x 100 = 60%. This retention score, not the guided-practice score, is the evidence of learning.
Check the conclusion and its limits
- More feedback is not always better for independent performance.
- A short-term improvement alone does not demonstrate a lasting learning change.
Not true: High performance during guided practice always proves lasting motor learning. Guided practice props up performance; when the guidance is removed, performance often drops. Lasting learning is shown by delayed, unassisted retention - which is why the retention test exists.
- Motor learning is a relatively lasting change in movement capability from practice.
- A retention test after a delay and without the same assistance can provide evidence of learning.
- Watch for: more feedback is not always better for independent performance.
Write from 80 percent retention accuracy
- 16 of 20 throws hit the target during retention.
- Find the success percentage. Guided practice does not prove lasting learning.
High performance during guided practice always proves lasting motor learning.
רמת קושי 1/5 · 100 מטבעות + בונוס קטן בהשלמה הראשונה היום
Guided practice props up performance; when the guidance is removed, performance often drops. Lasting learning is shown by delayed, unassisted retention - which is why the retention test exists.
Persistence of learning after a delay: write the technical term.
רמת קושי 1/5 · 100 מטבעות + בונוס קטן בהשלמה הראשונה היום
retention means Persistence of learning after a delay.
16 of 20 retention throws hit the target. What is the success percentage, and why does guided practice not prove lasting learning?
Accuracy is successful attempts divided by total attempts. Retention is the unassisted delayed test.
What is the retention success percentage?
רמת קושי 1/5 · 100 מטבעות + בונוס קטן בהשלמה הראשונה היום
16 divided by 20 is 80 percent. The worked example's 12 of 20 is 60 percent. Other options — 16 percent (the successful-throw count); 60 percent (the worked retention percentage).