El proyecto de indagación
Diploma del Bachillerato Internacional · IB Diploma · Digital Society · SL Tema 3 3:21 Narración en inglés · Subtítulos en inglés + 中文 quemados en pantalla
Capítulos
Transcripción
During the pandemic people in China showed a green health code to take a bus or enter a shop.
疫情期间，中国的人们出示绿色健康码才能坐公交、进商店。 对大多数人来说只需几秒。
For most it took seconds. But China had about two hundred and sixty-four million people aged sixty or over, and many had no smartphone.
但当时中国六十岁以上的老人约有两亿六千四百万，许多人没有智能手机，有人被拦在公交车外。
Some were turned away from buses. In November 2020 the State Council required other ways in, such as paper certificates and staff help.
2020 年 11 月，国务院要求提供其他通行方式，比如纸质证明和工作人员协助。
Who gains, who loses and why, is what an inquiry project finds out.
谁获益、谁受损、为什么，这正是探究项目要找出的。
The inquiry project is your own investigation of one real digital system.
探究项目是你对一个真实数字系统所做的独立调查。
It is worth thirty per cent at SL and twenty at HL, with the same requirements at both.
它在 SL 占百分之三十，在 HL 占百分之二十，两个级别要求相同。
You submit three things, a process document written while you work, a recorded presentation of up to ten minutes, and a list of references.
你要提交三样东西：边做边写的过程文件、最长十分钟的录制展示，以及参考文献列表。
The project follows a cycle.
项目按一个循环进行。
Question, a real system focused by the four parts from topic one.
提问：用第一单元的四个部分聚焦一个真实系统。
Research, with primary sources such as your own interviews and secondary sources such as news reports and official documents.
研究：既有一手资料，如你自己的访谈，也有二手资料，如新闻报道和官方文件。
Findings, the impacts and their implications.
发现：影响及其意涵。
And reflection, what your inquiry could not see.
反思：你的探究看不到什么。
An impact is an effect that has happened. Older people without smartphones were turned away from buses.
影响是已经发生的结果：没有智能手机的老人被拦在公交车外。
An implication is what it means or may lead to. Public services that need an app may leave out whoever cannot use one, so they need a non-digital option.
意涵是它意味着什么、可能导致什么：需要应用才能使用的公共服务，可能把不会用的人排除在外，所以需要非数字的选项。
Here is a worked project.
这是一个示范项目。
The question is how health-code apps changed older people's ability to move around the city.
问题是：健康码应用如何改变了老人在城市中出行的能力？
The sources are six grandparents, with consent, a bus driver, the State Council plan and census figures.
资料来源包括六位征得同意的祖父母、一位公交司机、国务院的方案和人口普查数据。
Most relied on a grandchild to show the code, and two stopped taking buses.
多数人要靠孙辈出示健康码，有两人几个月没再坐公交。
The reflection is the sharpest part. Everyone interviewed had a family member with a smartphone, so the people most shut out were not in the sample.
反思最有力：每位受访者都有一个有智能手机的家人，所以被排斥得最厉害的人根本不在样本里。
Read every source for its claim, perspective and origin, and look for real diversity, the users, the people who run the system, the government and researchers.
每份资料都要看观点、视角和来源，并寻找真正多元的声音：用户、系统运营者、政府和研究者。
A source that disagrees with you is useful.
与你观点相左的资料很有用。
And research ethics matter. Ask for consent, do not show faces or real names without permission, and never collect private data such as ID numbers.
研究伦理也很重要：先征得同意，未经许可不展示面孔或真名，绝不收集身份证号等私人数据。
The process document records how your inquiry developed, so write it while you work, not at the end.
过程文件记录你的探究如何推进，所以要边做边写，而不是最后补写。
Note why you chose the system and focus, what each source taught you, the decisions you made and why, and the feedback you received, with what you changed because of it.
记下为什么选这个系统和焦点、每份资料让你学到什么、你做的决定及原因，以及收到的反馈和你因此做的修改。
The presentation is recorded and lasts up to ten minutes, and it should argue, not just show.
展示要录制，最长十分钟，而且要论证，而不只是展示。
Use several modes, your spoken explanation, a chart of your survey and a clip of the system in use, with every source on screen.
综合运用多种方式：你的讲解、调查结果图表、系统使用的短片，每个来源都要在屏幕上标明。
Avoid a read-aloud essay, a topic as wide as social media and young people, and sources that all say the same thing.
避免照读文章、选题过宽（比如"社交媒体与青少年"），也避免所有资料说法都一样。
Check yourself without notes, using the health-code project. Name the three parts you submit, write one impact and one implication, give a primary and a secondary source, and say what the sample could not see.
不看笔记，用健康码项目自测：说出要提交的三部分；写出一个影响和一个意涵；举出一份一手资料和一份二手资料；再说出这个样本看不到什么。