Pearson Edexcel · International GCSE

Fisika

Papers, sampel, dan dokumen kurikulum untuk kursus ini.

Kode kualifikasi: 4PH1

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Lembar kerja · Pearson Edexcel · International GCSE · Physics (8)

Lembar latihan · Pearson Edexcel · International GCSE · Physics (18)

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Keterampilan Praktis

Lembar kerja · Fisika IGCSE (6)

Lembar latihan · Fisika IGCSE (24)

Salindia presentasi · Fisika IGCSE (6)

Salindia panduan latihan · Fisika IGCSE (47)

Unit kursus dan tujuan pembelajaran

Pelajaran ini mengajarkan tujuan kursus tertentu. Periksa kesenjangan cakupan yang tersisa; materi ini bukan program persiapan lengkap.

Pelajaran →Latihan kosakata →

1 · Gaya dan gerak

Rate of change of displacement.
The gradient of a displacement-time graph is velocity. The area under a velocity-time graph gives displacement. A constant-acceleration formula is valid only when its assumption is justified.
Choose a positive direction and state it. Use a light gate or video with a known scale and frame interval for repeatable motion measurements. Avoid assuming hand timing is exact over very short intervals.
Mass multiplied by velocity.
Impulse equals momentum change. Increasing stopping time for the same momentum change reduces average force. Identify external forces before applying momentum conservation.
Draw a free-body diagram containing only forces on the selected object. For spring measurements, add loads in steps within the elastic range and measure extension from the unloaded position.

kecepatan (vektor): Laju perubahan perpindahan
percepatan: Laju perubahan kecepatan
momentum: Mass dikalikan dengan kecepatan
resultan gaya: Jumlah vektor gaya pada suatu benda

2 · Listrik

Rate of flow of charge.
Current is the same through components in series. Potential differences add around the series path. In parallel, branches share the same potential difference, while branch currents sum at a junction.
Place an ammeter in series and a voltmeter in parallel. For an I-V investigation, change voltage in steps, reverse polarity when appropriate and limit current to reduce heating.

arus: Tingkat aliran muatan listrik
beda potensial: Energi yang dipindahkan per satuan muatan

3 · Gelombang

Distance between successive points in phase.
At a boundary, frequency stays fixed by the source. A change of speed changes wavelength. Refraction follows from speed differences; angles are measured from the normal.
Measure several wavelengths and divide to reduce fractional reading uncertainty. Use a ray box with a normal drawn at the boundary. Keep the beam away from eyes and record incident and refracted angles clearly.

panjang gelombang: Jarak antara titik-titik berurutan dalam fase
frekuensi: Jumlah osilasi per satuan waktu

4 · Sumber energi dan perpindahan energi

Energy transferred per unit time.
Define the system and useful output before calculating efficiency. Doubling speed quadruples kinetic energy at constant mass. Power describes transfer per time, not total energy.
Measure a lifting height and load, time the lift, and record electrical input with suitable instruments. Repeat trials and account for heating or friction as transfers, not missing energy.
Energy per mass per temperature rise.
Temperature relates to particle motion in a model; internal energy includes kinetic and potential contributions. During a change of state, energy can change particle arrangements rather than temperature.
Measure mass, electrical input and temperature change for an insulated block. Ensure the temperature sensor has good contact, allow time for equilibration, and consider energy transferred to the surroundings.

kuasa: Energi yang dipindahkan per satuan waktu
efisiensi: Output yang berguna dibagi dengan total input
kapasitas panas spesifik: Energi per massa per kenaikan suhu
kalor laten: Energi yang terkait dengan perubahan wujud zat

5 · Zat padat, cair, dan gas

Temperature on the kelvin scale.
State which quantities stay fixed. A pressure-volume relation requires consistent units and a fixed temperature. The kelvin-based temperature ratio is an extension only where the course explicitly specifies it.
Use approved apparatus with a temperature range and pressure limit set by the teacher. Allow thermal equilibrium and record pressure against kelvin temperature. Never heat an improvised sealed vessel.
Energy per mass per temperature rise.
Temperature relates to particle motion in a model; internal energy includes kinetic and potential contributions. During a change of state, energy can change particle arrangements rather than temperature.
Measure mass, electrical input and temperature change for an insulated block. Ensure the temperature sensor has good contact, allow time for equilibration, and consider energy transferred to the surroundings.

suhu absolut: Suhu pada skala kelvin
gas ideal: Model gas dengan asumsi penyederhanaan tertentu
kapasitas panas spesifik: Energi per massa per kenaikan suhu
kalor laten: Energi yang terkait dengan perubahan wujud zat

6 · Magnetisme dan elektromagnetisme

Creation of emf by changing flux linkage.
Changing field strength, coil area, orientation or relative motion can change flux linkage. Lenz law describes an induced effect opposing the change producing it, consistent with energy conservation.
Use a coil and sensitive meter to compare magnet motion in each direction. Record that a stationary arrangement gives no induced signal. Use approved low-voltage supplies for motor demonstrations.

orientasi: Pembentukan emf dengan mengubah fluks linkage
transformator: Perangkat yang mentransfer energi antar kumparan melalui perubahan fluks

7 · Radioaktivitas dan partikel

Time for activity or undecayed population to halve.
Subtract background counts measured over the same time interval. Distinguish irradiation from contamination. Shielding, distance and reduced exposure time can reduce risk under a school-controlled procedure.
Use teacher-managed sources and the school radiation rules. Record count duration and repeat background measurements. Do not extrapolate a half-life from one nucleus or from uncorrected readings.

waktu paruh: Waktu yang dibutuhkan agar aktivitas atau populasi yang tidak terurai menjadi setengahnya
radiasi latar belakang: Radiasi yang diukur terpisah dari sumber yang sedang diteliti

8 · Astrofisika

A stable stellar phase sustained by core hydrogen fusion.
Read a life-cycle diagram as a model of stages and conditions, not a timed film of one star. The Sun is expected to follow the lower-mass route. Fusion combines light nuclei; it differs from fission of a heavy nucleus.
Compare attributed stellar observations with predicted properties of each stage. Keep star, planet, galaxy and universe distinct. An orbiting body can have constant speed while its velocity changes direction.

urutan utama: Fase bintang stabil yang didukung oleh fusi hidrogen inti
katai putih: Sisa kompak di jalur massa bintang yang lebih rendah

Menyiapkan diri untuk kualifikasi ini

Linear 4PH1; retain P-suffixed separate-Physics objectives and do not introduce tiers.
Paper 1P: 110 marks, 2 h, 61.1%; Paper 2P: 70 marks, 1 h 15 min, 38.9%.
Record the formula provision in the actual paper; retain practical and graph skills throughout.

Cakupan pengajaran masih diperlukan

Full graph, force, momentum and P-extension statements remain.
Mains safety, charge, electrostatics and circuit-energy statements remain.
Sound, spectrum, refraction and total internal reflection statements including P extensions remain.
Conduction/convection/radiation and resource comparisons remain.
Use IGCSE gas variant; density, pressure and all gas-law P statements remain.
Motor and induction objectives need complete P-extension mapping.
Nuclide equations, fission/fusion, sources and radiation uses remain.
Stellar evolution, universe evolution and redshift objectives remain.